Folate Flashcards
What just happen first in order to digest folate
Polyglutamates must be hydrolyzed
What enzyme hydrolyzes polyglutamates
Glutamate Carboxypeptidase II
What deficiency can impair folate absorption
Why?
Zinc
Impaired Carboxypeptidase activity and reduced digestion
What form must folate be in to be digested and transported
Monoglutamated form
Where does folate interact with B12
Methyl folate trap
How is methionine made from folate and B12
Methylcobalamin donate methyl group to homocysteine to form methionine
Where does B12 Receive its methyl group
Accepts methyl from 5-methyl THF yielding Methylcobalamin
What is B12 necessary for
Regeneration of compounds needed for cell division and reproduction
What is folates interaction with riboflavin
Riboflavin is a cofactor for methylene THF reductase
What does a deficiency in cabalamin prevent
Conversion of 5-methyl THF to THF
What is the cofactor form of folate that is involved in DNA synthesis
5,10-Methylene THF
What other two vitamins are needed to convert 5,10-methylene THF to 5-methyl THF
Riboflavin
Niacin
Folate is involved in synthesis of
DNA and RNA
What form of folate is important for DNA synthesis
5,10-methylene THF
What form of folate is needed for methylation of homocysteine
5-methyl THF
What does deficiency of folate cause
Megaloblastic macrocyclic anemia
Megaloblastic (odd oval shape with distorted nuclei)
Macrocytic (large; high mean cell volume)
4 symptoms of megaloblastic macrocyclic anemia
Fatigue
Weakness
Irritability
Shortness of breath
Megaloblastic macrocytic anemia also occurs in what deficiency
B12
Tolerable upper limit for folate
1000 ug for folic acid in supplements or fortified foods
Folate can mask a deficiency in what?
B12
Folate can be polyglutamated
What does this mean?
It can have multiple glutamic acids attached to it
