Zachow

Question 1

What are symptoms of metabolic alkalosis?

Answer 1

Hypovolumic, hypokalemia, hypochloremia, vomiting,

Question 2

When is urging AG used?

Answer 2

Only when you have a metabolic acidosis without an anion gap

Question 3

What is the equation for urine AG?

Answer 3

UNa + UK - UCl = UAG

Question 4

What. Is the most common unmeasured ion in. The UAG?

Answer 4

NH4+

Question 5

What is most common cause of a Negative UAG?

Answer 5

Severe diarrhea… This is so because as you have increased H+, the NH3 will buffer it and pee it out. However, due to electroneutrality, it won’t. Just pee out NH4+, but needs an anion with it. Therefore, it takes Cl- wth it. This will cause the UAG to be negative.

Question 6

What is the deal with positive UAG?

Answer 6

It is due to renal dysfunction. The kidneys can’t properly acidity urine. Because H+ is not being cleared effectively, H+ stays in the body, pH drops, thus forming metabolic acidosis. These sick kidneys can’t clear Cl- either. This is because the main issue is that NH3 isn’t properly buffering the H+ and therefore NH4+Cl- isn’t being made. Therefore, more Cl- will remain in the body and less will be excreted in the urine.

Question 7

What could cause lactic acidosis?

Answer 7

Septic shock, hypoperfusion, cardiac failure, exercise, hypoxia, pulmonary insufficiency