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Science > Yr 10 Chemistry > Flashcards

Yr 10 Chemistry Flashcards

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1
Q

Protons

A

Large with positive charge

Found in nucleus

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2
Q

Electrons

A

Small with negative charge

Found around the nucleus

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3
Q

Neutrons

A

Large with no charge

Found in nucleus

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4
Q

Name of protons, electrons and neutrons

A

Sub atomic particles

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5
Q

Neutrons and protons

A

Mass of the cell

Electrons take up space

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6
Q

Atomic number

A

Atom is equal to the number of protons

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7
Q

Mass number

A

Atomic is equal to the number of protons added to the number of neutrons

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8
Q

Isotopes

A

An atom with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons
Same atomic number but different mass number

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9
Q

How many electrons in a shell

A

2, 8,8, 2

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10
Q

Another name for outer shell

A

Valence

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11
Q

Valence electrons involve

A

Chemical reaction

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12
Q

Shells are also know as

A

Energy levels

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13
Q

Rows across are

A

Periods

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14
Q

Rows down

A

Group

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15
Q

Group 1

A

Alkali metals

Soft grey colour

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16
Q

Group 2

A

Alkaline earth metals

Soft very reactive

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17
Q

Group 17

A

Halogens

Bright coloured

18
Q

Group 18

A

Noble
Unreactive
Full outer shell (8)

19
Q

Rest of groups

A

Main group elements

20
Q

How to determine elements period and group

A 
Group= last number of electrons in last shell
Period= how many shells
21
Q

Metallic

A

Resembling metals
Cation occur to form a positive charged ion when they lose electrons in the outer shell
Metals are good conductor of heat, electricity and are shiny

22
Q

Ionic compound

A

Cation and Anion
When a metal gives away a valence electron to become positive charged and a non metals gains valence electron to become negative
Consist of metal and non metal

23
Q

Cation

A

Positively charged ion

24
Q

Anion

A

Negatively charged ion

25
Q

Covalent compound

A

Formed when non metals are chemically combined. Each atom shares electrons with others, these shared electrons form the “glue” rear holds the atom together
Use gases e.g fluorine, oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen
Lewis diagram

26
Q

Properties of metals

A

Good conductor of heat and electricity
Lustrous
Malleable and ductile

27
Q

Properties of non metals

A

Dull brittle can’t be shaped at room temp

Poor conductors of heat and electricity

28
Q

Properties of metalloids

A

Can behave like metals or non metals

Called semi conductors

29
Q

Properties of transition metals

A

Similar properties to the main group of metals

30
Q

How do u know if a chemical reaction has occurred

A

Colour, heat precipitation

31
Q

Difference between chemical and physical change in a chemical reaction

A

Physical states of matter- ice cube melts

Chemical- zinc + copper nitrate = zinc nitrate + copper gives 2 new solutions

32
Q

Law of conversation of mass

A

The mass of reactant will always equal the mass of products
Reactants left
Products right

33
Q

Precipitation reactions

A

When 2 solutions mix together and creates 2 new solutions one can be insoluble

34
Q

Combination reactions

A

2 chemical substances combine to for, new chemical product

35
Q

Decomposition reaction

A

Breaks down

One reacting substance and several products formed

36
Q

Combustion reactions

A

Occur when chemical substance burns with oxygen
Produces heat, light or sound energy = exothermic reaction
Always has hydrocarbon in it

37
Q

Redox reaction

A

Many chemical reactions are either completely or partially moved from one atom or ion to another.(electron transfer)
Rust
Corrosion

38
Q

Metal displacement reactions

A

Removing one element and replacing it with another element

Zinc + copper nitrate = zinc nitrate + copper

39
Q

Neutralisation reactions

A

When an acid reacts with a metal hydroxide(base) = salt and water

40
Q

Hcl

A

Hydrochloride acid

41
Q

HSO

Electro valence

A

H2SO4

Sulfuric acid

42
Q

CH

A

CH4 methane gas

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