Youth Activism Flashcards
What does intersectionality focus on?
intersecting power relations, highlighting how race, class, gender, sexuality and nationality shape the structural opportunities and constraints of young people who experience a convergence of social inequalities
What is generational analysis?
- people who share similar experiences when they are young, especially if such experiences have a direct impact on their lives, develop a generational sensibility or shared identity
- provide important clues as to why people who share common historical events while they are young develop a generational consciousness
What is the focus of intersectionality?
- race, class, and gender are not separate phenomena but are interconnected entities has stimulated paradigm shifts within scholarship on social inequality.
- offers a framework for bringing together the ideas and actions of many groups that have been excluded from or misrepresented within Western disciplines and national knowledge traditions
What is age?
a descriptive demographic category, one that uses chronological time to mark o childhood, adolescence, young adulthood, middle age, and old age as seemingly natural phases of the life course.
What challenges did African Americans face from the 50s to the 70s?
deeply entrenched racial segregation in housing, jobs, education, and transportation, education was a target of substantial Black activism, denying opportunities due to race, Vietnam war raised questions about the disposability of Black lives in combat, this period saw a range of political strategies and a broad array of ideological perspectives concerning what could and should be done about racism
What challenges did African Americans face in the 90s and 2000s?
increasingly aggressive policies of mass incarceration as an outcome of persisting blocked opportunity structures in housing, education, and employment, policing impact on young Black men, hip hop as the voice of social protest, and protesting state-sanctioned violence through local, decentralized initiatives under the banner of Black Lives Matter
What is the significance of hip hop?
Hip Hop created a global platform that highlighted the significance of cultural politics as a crucial site of activism, whereas the Black Lives Matter Movement (BLMM) combined cultural politics of social media with effective community grassroots organizing. Both forms of activism brought Black youth in the US into alignment if not contact with the shared concerns of youth in the Global South.
In 1954, what did the supreme court decide relating to education and black students?
The 1954 Supreme Court decision that outlawed separate but equal education marked a new era of legal rights for Black youth.
What did the death of Dr. Martin Luther King cause?
Martin Luther King Jr.’s 1968 assassination catalyzed African American college student activism. Virtually overnight, his death encouraged Black students not only to challenge strategies of racial integration as the primary strategy for Black freedom struggle, but also to question their own placement in colleges and universities
–>black student activists demanded black studies (aim to increase black population at colleges), awareness of black feminism
During the 1990’s to the 2000’s, what were the major issues that affected black youth?
Black youth experienced the negative effects of neoliberal policies that defunded public schools, libraries, health care, and other pillars of the social welfare state and installed mass incarceration as its replacement
Black youth were on the front lines of a policy of mass incarceration in urban ghettos, jails, and prisons and were assailed with images of themselves in mass media as being thugs and criminals.
What was hip hop’s message and what movement did it create?
Hip Hop had a clear message about police violence, surveillance of young Black people, and the extrajudicial killings of Black people. Young Black people in the United States were not only ones affected, but young Black men were disproportionately affected by differential policing.
Hip Hop contributed to emergence of the Black Lives Matter Movement (BLMM)
What is BLM about?
BLM protests reflect direct action by black youth in response to murders of young black men in certain communities
What is the percentile difference when it comes to Whites and Afro-Brazilians and poverty?
In Brazil, there is an 86 percent difference in poverty levels between Whites and Afro-Brazilians (Gradín, 2009), while 80 percent of Afro-Colombians live below the poverty line
What is the role of digital media?
Digital media can play a prominent role in furthering the exclusion of young African-descendants: youth of African descent often portrayed as sole perpetrators of violence and portrayed using racist speech
Who owns more of the web?
Web largely owned by whites, creating new forms of segregation and inequity
