youth

Question 1

how do peer groups contol us?(5)

Answer 1

fear of rejection,humiliation,sanctions (verbal,physical) peer group pressure pressurises to conform, alienation

Question 2

What are the youth norms created by?(3)

Answer 2

• legal position of young people eg. the norm of going to school
• biological changes young people go through eg. norm of mood swings
• societies expectation of young people eg.norm of not being a parent

Question 3

examples of youth subcultures?(4)

Answer 3

• Goths(1980’s) wear black clothing+lots of makeup. Hodgkinson(2002) said this subculture is formed based on shared interest
• punks(1970’s) style is very extreme and individual. Frith(1978) subculture was a reaction to high unemployment
• teddy boys(1950s) were into their fashion and had similar styles. Jefferson (1976) studied Teddy Boys he found they were affluent and came from working class families.
• chavs+emos(2000’s)

Question 4

which subcultures unite for class?

Answer 4

Skinhead culture. J Clarke(1976) said the members were working class allowing them to release anger of unemployment.

Question 5

which subcultures unite for ethicity?

Answer 5

Music from punjab creates a subculture.This subculture has become more mainstream.

Question 6

which subcultures unite for gender?

Answer 6

McRobbie and Garber(1976) created a suculture called bedroom subculture which was led by the media and involved teenage girls experimenting with hair and makeup in their bedrooms

Question 7

reasons to join subculture?(4)

Answer 7

• shared interest
• rites of passage:all young people experiment and try to be their own person
• solution to problems: eg if you are being made in-congruent you may join others to share your problems
• peer group pressure

Question 8

key aspects of being in a gang

Answer 8

• territory: associated with an area-graffiti may be used
• delinquent:gangs are bound by different norms usually law breaking
• loyalty: pledging aligiance to the gang
• hierarchy: often are leaders

Question 9

reasons for joining gangs?(7)

Answer 9

• status frustration: Albert Cohen(1955) some working class children didnt do well in school so had low social status join gangs to get a higher status
• sense of belonging: Walter Miller(1958) adolesence is a time where young people feel lonely and unsure of themselves
• social networks: Williamsons study on milltown boys(1997) found that the gang wasnt focused on illegal activities-was more like a social network
• boredom: think of it more as something to do
• family: people who are lacking in family
• friendship: loyalty-friends
• peer group pressure:pressured into joining

Question 10

why does gender affect who joins gang?

Answer 10

Ann widdecombe(2008) did a documentary and concluded that there was a rise in girl gangs