Young Adulthood Flashcards
3 features of young adulthood
- Evolution~ of adult pyschological self and life strcture
- Assume major social roles
- Peak bio devo
What event allows adults to function independently?
Seperation from parents
How do family dynamics shift?
Child is now adults
Where do young adults get influence? Less/more
less from parents
more from professors/coaches/boss/peers
New inner definition of self
adult is comfortable alone and competent. Cares for self in world
Which individuation takes place in young adulthood?
Third Indivuation (Mahler) 1st @ infancy 2nd @ adolescense
% of young adults living w/ parents in 2012?
36%
Reasons for living with parents later in life:
Declining employment
Delayed marriage
increased college enrollment
Dangers of co-residence
Hinders young adult autonomy
- parent struggles acknowledging child as adult-
- less challenge for child to function as adult
How long does brain remodeling go on for?
early to mid 20s
What happens to axons?
increased myleination
What happens to dendrites?
extension
What is going on with synapses
pruning
What are the last 4 areas of brain to remodel?
Prefrontal cortex
Temporal cortex
Hippocampus
Amygdala
Area responsible for inhibiting impulses, weighing consequences, prioritizing and strategizing
Prefrontal Cortex
Why do young adults that are increasing autonomy still make impulsive or dangerous decisions
Prefrontal cortex is still devo’ing
when does heaviest alcohol use occur?
late teens/early young adulthood
% college students that binge drank in last 30 days
45 %
% non-college people that binge drank in last 30 days
40%
What types of neg affects does binge drinking have on brain devo?
affects memory, motor skills and coordination
What type of interventions most effective for young adults?
Normative re-education or social norms marketing
Students are under the assumption that peers drink less or more then they do
think peers drink more thus they drink more
What are the five techniques of Brief Motivational Interviewing?
Express Empathy Develop Discrepancy Avoid Argumentation Roll with Resistance Support Self Eficacy
Who developed Motivational Interviewing
William Miller in 83
Time from 20 to 30 is time to pursue____ and _____ leading to worries of ______ and _______
work and love
failure and loneliness
Young adults are assertive or tentative about choices?
Tentative
Evolutionarily young adults primed for
physical labor and procreation
Immune system of young adult
very strong
Mental illness as young adult
peak first incidence
Erikson’s stage during young adulthood
Intimacy vs Self-Absorption or Isolation
Must complete what to achieve intamcy
identity vs role confusion
True intamacy requires ____
mutuality
Erikson’s definition of intamacy
being close to others in community, as friend, as lover
People with this have issues establishing intimate relationships
role confusion
Main factor in US for choosing partner
love
The tendancy to marry someone who is simular in race, age, education, religion and other demographsics
Homogamy
Marriages that work display
- Displays of affection
- little negative communication
- Interdependent
- social homogamy, simular leisure activites
Early Marital conflict
Developing identity apart from spouse, finances and making tie
Trend of first marriage from 15-44
decreasing
Unmarried women from 15-44
increasing from 34-38%
Median age of Women @ first marriage
25.8
Median age of Men @ first marriage
28.3
Interracial marriage banned in _____ states till _______
19 states until 1967
% marriages in 2010 that were interracial
15%
% people that said they were okay w/ a family member marrying outside of race/religion
63%
______ of public was okay with interracial marriage in 1986
1/3
% women cohabiting w/ partner as first union
48% and
40% transitioned to marriage
32% remain intact
27% dissolved
More educated women are more/less likely to habit and are more/less likely to marry
less
more
First state to legalize same sex marriage
Mass in 2003
states same sex marriage is legal in
17
Rates of divorce are inclining/decling
Declining and most divorced people remarry and 2nd is more successfull
How do parents in Western culture raise their children?
in isolation
How are parental roles changing?
splitting tasks more
Affect of parenthood on relationship
intensifies it
Mothers that are ________ display sensitivity to infants needs and desires
securely attached
Affects of securely attached mother/infant
responsive to face to face interactions, aware of childs moods, warm and affectionate to child
Result of overly responsive mothers have
insecurely attached children, same is under-responsive mothers
Caregivers respond to infants appropriately and both caregive and child match emotional states
Interactional synchrony
Do infants form primary initial relationships with fathers?
yes
Burdens of parenthood
economic–250,000$/child
time, loss of independence, process of letting go and reawakens conflicts parents had as child
% women that devo mood or anxiety disorders during/post-partum
20%
Women affected with post-partum blues
50-85%
Mood lability, tearfullness, anxiety or irritability
Post Partum Blues
Sad mood, tearful, feelings of guilt/worthlessness or incompetence, fatigue, poor conc, suicidal thoughts, loss of interest
Post-Partum Depression
% women experience Post Partum Depression
10-15%
Risk factors for post partum depression
history of mental illness hormone changes lack of social support bad relationship w/ father hard time sleeping hard time adjusting to parenthood
If you have difficulty bonding with a child you most likely suffer from
Post Partum Depression
Depression/anxiety during pregnancy are associated with:
low birth weight and premature
Post Partum Depression risks to child
hard time w/ attachment and decreases infant bonding
Post partum pyschosis have high risk of:
suicide and infanticide
% children that lived with only mom or dad
mom: 24%
dad: 4%
child with same sex parent are more/less/no more likely to devo emotional problems or homosexual lifestyle
no more likely
Adopted child is more/less likely to have behavior issues and drug abuse
more likely
Finding meaning in work will enhance
self esteem
Frequent job change, absenteeism, mistakes at work, accident prone, sabatoge are symptoms of:
Job dissatisfaction
Who are most appropritate for COMMUNAL professions
women
professions associated with relationships
communal relationships
Wo are most appropriate for AGENTIC professions
men
Agentic professions
associated with getting things accomplished
Stage of adult devo with involves expanding ones personal identity to assume a social identity w/in world of work
Career Consolidation
Characteristics of Career Consolidation
Contentment
Compensation
Commitment
Competence
