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Foundations of Human Behavior: 1 > Adoescense > Flashcards

Adoescense Flashcards

1
Q

Age 11-14

A

Early adolescense

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2
Q

Age 15-17

A

Middle adolescence

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3
Q

Ag 18-20

A

Late adolescence

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4
Q

What are the 4 devo tasks of adolescent?

A
  1. Construct emancipated identity
  2. Construct realistic ambitions and reasonable ideals
  3. Further devo of sexual identity
  4. Further devo of social identity
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5
Q

What are 3 central themes of Adolescents?

A
  1. necessity for partial disenchantment and increasing attunement of reality
  2. Endorse narcissistic solutions to life’s challenges
  3. Aggression and castration fantasies while growing into adult power
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6
Q

Puberty in early adolescents marked by:

A
  1. secondary sex characteristics
  2. Menstration by 11-14
  3. Ejaculation around 12-15
  4. Sex drive expressed via physical activity and masturbation
  5. Cognitive maturation and formation of personality
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7
Q

Ejaculation by:

A

12-15

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8
Q

Menstruation by:

A

11-14

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9
Q

What are tanner stages?

A

Physical change that occurs during puberty~ good for knowing ranges of normal

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10
Q

Small testicles/small penis
No glandular breast tissue and areolar follows contour of chest
no pubic hair

A

Tanner I: 10 and under

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11
Q

Testicles increase in size, scrotum thins/reddens and enlarges while penis stays same
Breast bud forms w/ small amount of glandular tissue and areola widens
Small amount of downy hair w/ slight pigmentation at base of penis and labia majora

A

Tanner II: 10-11.5

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12
Q

testicles increase in size, scrotum enlarges/darkens, penis increase in length to 10 cm and circumference increase

  • Increased breast size, areola and papilla make second mound projecting from breast
  • adult hair quality and goes across pubis
A

Tanner IV: 13-15

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13
Q

Testicles increase size and scrotum enlarges, penis lengthens

  • hair becomes course/curly and extends laterally
  • breast become more elevated and extend beyond border of areola which widens
A

Tanner III: 11.5-13

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14
Q

-breast become more elevated and extend beyond border of areola which widens

A

Tanner III

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15
Q

-hair becomes course/curly and extends laterally

A

Tanner III

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16
Q

Testicles increase size and scrotum enlarges, penis lengthens

A

Tanner III

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17
Q

-adult hair quality and goes across pubis

A

Tanner IV

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18
Q

-Increased breast size, areola and papilla make second mound projecting from breast

A

Tanner IV

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19
Q

testicles increase in size, scrotum enlarges/darkens, penis increase in length to 10 cm and circumference increase

A

Tanner IV

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20
Q

Testicles increase in size, scrotum thins/reddens and enlarges while penis stays same

A

Tanner II

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21
Q

Breast bud forms w/ small amount of glandular tissue and areola widens

A

Tanner II

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22
Q

Small amount of downy hair w/ slight pigmentation at base of penis and labia majora

A

Tanner II

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23
Q

Testicle Volume greater then 20 ml and penis at 15 cm

  • breast at adult size, areola returns to contour of breast w/ papilla projecting outward
  • hair extends to medial surface of thigh
A

Tanner V: 15+

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24
Q

Testicle Volume greater then 20 ml and penis at 15 cm

A

Tanner V

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25
Q

-breast at adult size, areola returns to contour of breast w/ papilla projecting outward

A

Tanner V

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26
Q

-hair extends to medial surface of thigh

A

Tanner V

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27
Q

Qualities of Sexuality in Early adolescents

A 
Girls ahead of boys
Same sex friend/group activities
shyness/bullying/modesty
show off attitudes
greater interest in privacy and masturbation
concerned w/ being normal
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28
Q

Characteristics of Early Adolescents

A

SENSITIVE to opinions of peers
OBEDIENT to parents
Express feelings with ACTIONS not words
Close FRIENDSHIPS gain importance

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29
Q

CC: Alterations in expected devo during early adolescents

A

-leads to psycological difficulties

issues are excessive acne, obesity, late breast devo in girls, or boobs in boys

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30
Q

Middle Adolesence Age

A

15-17

31
Q

When does risk taking behavior occur

A

15-17 in middle adolescence

32
Q

Characteristics of middle adolescence

A

More interested in gender roles
Unattainable crushes
Identity devo via popular fashion/music
Prefer to spend time w/ friends over family

33
Q

Risk taking behavior

A

During middle adolescence
ready to challenge parents and feel omnipotent
Education is only about obvious short term benefits over long term consequences (educating about good choices needs to focus on immediate stuff)

34
Q

Ave age intercourse occurs

A

16 and most by 19

35
Q

How many use contraceptives

A

Little over half

36
Q

Why don’t teens use contraceptives?

A

lack of access, don’t think they’ll get pregnant, lack of education about effective methods

37
Q

When is late adolescents?

A

18-20

38
Q

When do moral and ethical concerns devo?

A

late adolescents

39
Q

What level of operations do late adolescents devo?

A

Formal Operations

40
Q

Rational thinking and reasoning is deductive and futuristic (delayed gratification), morals become important and use creativity to express inner world

A

Formal operations

41
Q

If Identity Crisis is not resolved, what does it lead to?

A

Role Confusion

42
Q

What is role confusion?

A

You don’t know place in world and display behavioral issues like criminality and cult activty

43
Q

What Psycosocial devo stage are late adolescents experiencing?

A

Identity vs Role Diffusion

44
Q

What characterizes Identity vs Role Diffusion

A

preoccupied w/ apperance
struggle to devo ego identity (sense of inner sameness and continuity)
Figure out which group they fit into

45
Q

What are the dangers of role diffusion?

A

Doubts about sexuality and vocational identity

Identity vs: I don’t know who I am

46
Q

Goals of Identity vs role confusion

A
  • learn who you are as INDIVIDUAL away from group

- understand own interest/abilities==leads to future planning

47
Q

CC during Identity vs Role Diffusion

A

Can become rebel or robot

48
Q

Identity Crisis is normal or not?

A

normal during end of adolescence

49
Q

Failure to negotiate identity crisis

A

role confusion or identity confusion~ can’t consolidate identity may result in running away, criminal behavior, drug/alcohol abuse/ sexual identity disorder and psychosis

50
Q

What are characteristics of sexuality during late adolescents

A

concerned w/ serios relationships
have clear sexual identity
have capacity for tender/sensual love

51
Q

What is the trend of teen pregnancy?

A

dropping significantly
dropped 9% from 09 to 2010
only 34births/1000 women from age 15-19

52
Q

Stats of 2000 for teen moms

A

470,000 babies for teen moms w/ 500,000 abortions

53
Q

% chance of becoming dependent on tobacco if use it for more than a year

A

80%

54
Q

Stats on Substance use

A

75% high school students tried alcohol and 40% have tried marijuana

55
Q

Up to 50% of college age students met criteria for this disorde

A

Binge drinking

56
Q

Risk factors for alcohol abuse/drug use

A

family history, depressed/ low self esteem/ kids who don’t fit in

57
Q

Axons and dendrites during late adolescents

A

Axons get myelinated, dendrites extend and have synaptic pruning
Occurs REAR TO FRONT and corpus callosum thickens

58
Q

What strenghtens links to frontal areas of brain?

A

Hippocampus

59
Q

Brain remodeling:

A

better at balancing impulses, desires, goals, self-interest, rules and ethics and altruism

  • NOT a smooth process
  • Neural gawkiness
60
Q

Frontal Lobe devo

A

Myelination completion improves speed of processing and shortens rxn time
*Judgement/Insight/Planning/Motor Function

61
Q

Teen Risk taking

A

peaks at mid adolescence, teens take more risks even though they understand consequences
Teens value rewards of risk taking more then adults which may allow for adaptive edge

62
Q

Dopamine and social rewards

A

Adolescents sensitivity to dopamines peaks during this age, teen respond to SOCIAL REWARDS

63
Q

What does dopamine do?

A

Prime and FIRES REWARDS CIRCUITS

aids in LEARNING PATTERNS and DECISION MAKING

64
Q

what explains teen’s quickness of learning and receptivity to award

A

Dopamine

65
Q

Oxytocin

A

brain is attuned to oxy much like it is to dopa

-makes social connections more rewarding

66
Q

Explains why teens prefer novel company of other teens

A

oxytocin~ teens offer other teens more novelty then familiar family

67
Q

When do general reward and social interactions overlap

A

during teens when neural networks are devo’d together

68
Q

Peer relationships during adolescents

A

MAIN SHOW~ knowing/understanding and building relationships w/ peers bears critically on success

69
Q

Peer exclusion and the brain

A

brain responds to peer exclusion the same way responds to physical health or food supply
~ on neural level, teens perceive social rejections as threat to existance

70
Q

What is there prolongued plasticity and slow maturation of frontal areas?

A

bc speed would come at price of flexibility

the delayed completion heightens flexibility as teen confronts and enters the world

71
Q

CC: myelination occurs too quickly

A

then axon branching is inhibited

72
Q

Identity formation and Separation

A

must be accomplished by teen

73
Q

Need to explore and answer questions about self

A

Identity formation

74
Q

The process of creating distance btwn teens and caregivers, moving on to be responsible for self

A

Separation

Foundations of Human Behavior: 1 (7 decks)

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