Yellow Cards Flashcards
1
Q
What are the NONPOLAR, HYDROPHOBIC amino acids
A
- Glycine
- Alanine
- Valine
- Leucine
- Isoleucine
- Methionine
- Phenylalanine
- Tryptophan
- Proline
2
Q
What are the POLAR NEUTRAL amino acids?
A
- Cysteine
- Threonine
- Serine
- Tyrosine
- Asparagine
- Glutamine
3
Q
What are the BASIC amino acids?
A
- Lysine
- Arginine
- Histidine
4
Q
Features of amino acids with -OH groups
A
- Reversible binding
2. phosphorylation
5
Q
Features of threonine
A
- Bulky - so not good in tight turns
- Has -OH group - so phosphorylation & reversible binding
- Has a chiral C in R side chain
6
Q
Features of cysteine
A
- Just slightly polar (so hydrophobic - unless S has lost its H).
- can form disulfide bridge
2 x cysteine = cystine
(& is also the only amino acid where L = R)
7
Q
Features of isoleucine
A
- Chiral C in R side chain
- Alipathic
- the constitutional isomer of Leucine
8
Q
Features of Methionine
A
- used as a start codon when translating MRNA into a polypeptide/protein
- 1 of 2 amino acids (w/ cysteine) that has sulfur
but S is not very reactive b/c bound to 2 R groups (& not -H)
9
Q
Features of alanine
A
- Aliphatic side chain
- small
- Metabolic connection - can be converted to pyrivate & pyruvate can be concerted to it (by transamination)
10
Q
Features of Histidine
A
pka 6
very close to physiological ph = so, easy to protonate & deprotonate
11
Q
Features of proline
A
- Introduces kinks – so usually seen where you have a sharp twist.
12
Q
Features of tryptophan
A
- Only amino acid with 2 aromatic rings
2. largest amino acid = 204 Da; & most complex
13
Q
Features of glycine
A
- small
2. achiral
14
Q
Features of the basic amino acids
A
- Like to be on external facing sides of protein
2. can form salt bonds
15
Q
Features of the acidic amino acids
A
- can participate in transamination
- like to be on external sides of protein
- can form salt bonds
