Green Cards Flashcards
What happens during Anaphase?
Meiosis I & II & Mitosis
Meiosis II & Mitosis: - sister chromatids are pulled apart.
Meiosis I: - homologous chromosoners are pulled apart.
Phases of Mitosis
- Prophase
- Metaphase
- Anaphase
- Telophase
What happens during Prophase?
Meiosis I & II & Mitosis
In all:
- Nuclear envelope begins to disintegrate
- Chromosomes condense
- Centrosomes begin to migrate to opposite ends.
In Meiosis I only:
-Crossing over begins between homolog. chrom. (in tetrads)
What happens during Metaphase?
Meiosis I & II & Mitosis
In all:
- Nuclear envelope completely disappears
- Chromosomes line up
- Microtubules from centrosomes connect to each other as well as to the centromeres.
What happens during Interphase?
- G1 phase = growth
- S phase = synthesis
- All genetic material dup;licates (BUT NOT in Interphase II)
- Centrome also duplicates - G2 phase = growth
Define chromatin
the unwound state of DNA during interphase
Define:
centrosome vs. centromere vs. centriole
centrosome = organelle containing centrioles, near the nucleus; from it, the spindle fibers develop.
centromere = connects 2 sister chromosomes.
Define kinetochore
a protein structure on chromatids that assembles on the centromere, linking the chromosomes to the mocrotubules.
Define tetrad
Group of 2 homologous chromosomes that assemble together in Meiosis I - will have crossing-over.
What happens during teleophase
Meiosis I & II & Mitosis
In all:
- Starting to reverse what was done in prophase
- DNA begins to unwind
- Nuclear Envelope begins to form.