Yellow and Red Flags in Spinal Assessment

Question 1

– History and examination findings that are risk

factors for developing chronic pain

Answer 1

Yellow Flags

Question 2

History and examination findings that prompt
the clinician to conduct further diagnostic
procedures

Answer 2

Red Flags

Question 3

• Risk factors for chronicity
• Most pertain to work or psychosocial related factors
• Should assess with first 4-12 weeks

Answer 3

Yellow Flags

Question 4

Cervical and Upper Quarter Yellow Flags

Answer 4

• Severe pain after 1 month
– 10.46 RR @ 3months
• UE co-morbidity
• Low job support / Job stress
• Catastrophizing pain coping style
• # of pain tx episodes
• Past recommendations for surgery

Question 5

Low Back History Yellow Flags

Answer 5

– 4+ weeks of symptoms
– Sciatica
– Previous episodes requiring tx
– Severe pain after 3 wks
– Delaying tx at least 7 days
– Widespread pain