Manual Therapies and Traction Flashcards
What are some indications for massage?
superficial adhesions, circulatory stasis, congestions, edema, myalgia, tension headaches
What are some contraindications for massage?
arteriosclerosis, thrombosis/embolism, severe varicosities, cellulitis, synovitis, abscesses and skin infections, acute inflammatory conditions
Effleurage is performed ________ the orientation of the fibers of the targeted muscle tissue
in parallel with
Effleurage is applied with
palm of hand or flats of fingers
Long stroking motions is associated with what type of massage
eflleurage
Kneading the muscle with one or both hands is associated with what type of massage
petrissage
Tapotement is?
series of rapid blows (massage)
Manual vibration is performed _________ the orientation of the targeted muscle fibers
perpendicular
What are some types of mechanical vibratory devices
G5, Genie Rub, Thumber
What frequency mechanical vibration should be used to relax spasticity or decrease trigger points?
high
What frequency mechanical vibration should be used to decrease congestion, edema, or stasis?
low
What are the treatment times for vibratory massage for trigger points?
6-8 minutes (1 minute per point)
What is the treatment time for vibratory massage for muscle relaxation?
up to 10 minutes
What is the treatment time for vibratory massage for postural drainage
up to 15 minutes
What is the treatment time for vibratory massage for general body relaxation
5 minutes
What name is associated with cross-friction massage
James Cyriax
Cross-friction massage is used over
ligaments, tendons, muscles
What is cross-friction massage used to do
loosen scar tissue and adhesions, aid in absorption of local edema, mobilize ligaments, tendons, scars, restore mobility
What are some examples of positional traction?
knee to chest, side lying on a roll to open an IVF
What are the theoretical physiologic effects of traction?
encourages spinal mobility, enhances intersegmental mobility, change in overall spine length, change in intervertebral space, decrease pain, parasthesia, decrease pressure on structures
What are the physiologic effects of traction on ligaments?
activation of proprioceptors to decrease pain, restoration of normal length
What are the physiologic effects of traction on discs?
decreased discal pressure, imbibition of disc for proper nutrition, unstable reduction of herniation
What are the physiologic effects of traction on facet joints?
increases separation, decompression, proprioceptive discharge may decrease pain
What are the physiologic effects of traction on musculature?
stretching, improve blood flow, activation of proprioceptors
What are the physiologic effects of traction on nerves?
decrease compression, improved blood supply to nerve tissue, decrease of inflammatory products
What is more tolerable to the patient- intermittent or sustained traction?
intermittent, tolerable both at higher forces and for longer duration
Which allows more decompression of disc- intermittent or sustained traction?
sustained
Which has shorter treatment times- intermittent or sustained traction?
intermittent
What is the traction phase for short phase intermittent traction?
less than 10 seconds
What is the traction phase for long phase intermittent traction?
more than 10 seconds
What are the indications for spinal traction?
disc protrusion, disc herniation/prolapse, nerve root impingement, spondylolisthesis, joint hypomobility, arthritis conditions of facet joints, mechanically produced muscle spasm, joint pain, scoliosis
What are some contraindications for spinal traction?
fractures, joint instability or hypermobility, tumors, osteoporosis and osteomalacia, bone and joint infections, osteo and rheumatoid arthritis, vertebral artery occlucion, pregnancy (cervical is ok), hiatal hernia and abdominal hernia, displaced disc fragment and cord compression
What are some precautions for spinal traction?
acute spinal conditions, hypertension and respiratory disease, spinal surgery, dentures (cervical pulley only), breathing problems (lumbar only)
What is the patient position for mechanical lumbar traction?
2 harness, pelvic and thoracic, patient with hips/knees flexed
How much force is used with mechanical lumbar traction?
30-60% of body weight
What is the treatment time for mechanical lumbar traction?
10-30 min
What is a Saunders device?
harness for mechanical cervical traction
What should the head/neck angle be for cervical traction?
neutral to 30 degrees flexion
How much force is used with cervical traction?
20-30% of body weight
How much weight should you begin with for cervical traction?
15-25 pounds
What is the max tolerance for cervical traction?
usually 40-50 pounds
Is inversion recommended?
no
What are the contraindications and precautions for inversion?
heart disease, hypertension, glaucoma, sinus infections and asthma, migraines, detached retina
