Manual Therapies and Traction

Question 1

What are some indications for massage?

Answer 1

superficial adhesions, circulatory stasis, congestions, edema, myalgia, tension headaches

Question 2

What are some contraindications for massage?

Answer 2

arteriosclerosis, thrombosis/embolism, severe varicosities, cellulitis, synovitis, abscesses and skin infections, acute inflammatory conditions

Question 3

Effleurage is performed ________ the orientation of the fibers of the targeted muscle tissue

Answer 3

in parallel with

Question 4

Effleurage is applied with

Answer 4

palm of hand or flats of fingers

Question 5

Long stroking motions is associated with what type of massage

Answer 5

eflleurage

Question 6

Kneading the muscle with one or both hands is associated with what type of massage

Answer 6

petrissage

Question 7

Tapotement is?

Answer 7

series of rapid blows (massage)

Question 8

Manual vibration is performed _________ the orientation of the targeted muscle fibers

Answer 8

perpendicular

Question 9

What are some types of mechanical vibratory devices

Answer 9

G5, Genie Rub, Thumber

Question 10

What frequency mechanical vibration should be used to relax spasticity or decrease trigger points?

Answer 10

high

Question 11

What frequency mechanical vibration should be used to decrease congestion, edema, or stasis?

Answer 11

low

Question 12

What are the treatment times for vibratory massage for trigger points?

Answer 12

6-8 minutes (1 minute per point)

Question 13

What is the treatment time for vibratory massage for muscle relaxation?

Answer 13

up to 10 minutes

Question 14

What is the treatment time for vibratory massage for postural drainage

Answer 14

up to 15 minutes

Question 15

What is the treatment time for vibratory massage for general body relaxation

Answer 15

5 minutes

Question 16

What name is associated with cross-friction massage

Answer 16

James Cyriax

Question 17

Cross-friction massage is used over

Answer 17

ligaments, tendons, muscles

Question 18

What is cross-friction massage used to do

Answer 18

loosen scar tissue and adhesions, aid in absorption of local edema, mobilize ligaments, tendons, scars, restore mobility

Question 19

What are some examples of positional traction?

Answer 19

knee to chest, side lying on a roll to open an IVF

Question 20

What are the theoretical physiologic effects of traction?

Answer 20

encourages spinal mobility, enhances intersegmental mobility, change in overall spine length, change in intervertebral space, decrease pain, parasthesia, decrease pressure on structures

Question 21

What are the physiologic effects of traction on ligaments?

Answer 21

activation of proprioceptors to decrease pain, restoration of normal length

Question 22

What are the physiologic effects of traction on discs?

Answer 22

decreased discal pressure, imbibition of disc for proper nutrition, unstable reduction of herniation

Question 23

What are the physiologic effects of traction on facet joints?

Answer 23

increases separation, decompression, proprioceptive discharge may decrease pain

Question 24

What are the physiologic effects of traction on musculature?

Answer 24

stretching, improve blood flow, activation of proprioceptors

Question 25

What are the physiologic effects of traction on nerves?

Answer 25

decrease compression, improved blood supply to nerve tissue, decrease of inflammatory products

Question 26

What is more tolerable to the patient- intermittent or sustained traction?

Answer 26

intermittent, tolerable both at higher forces and for longer duration

Question 27

Which allows more decompression of disc- intermittent or sustained traction?

Answer 27

sustained

Question 28

Which has shorter treatment times- intermittent or sustained traction?

Answer 28

intermittent

Question 29

What is the traction phase for short phase intermittent traction?

Answer 29

less than 10 seconds

Question 30

What is the traction phase for long phase intermittent traction?

Answer 30

more than 10 seconds

Question 31

What are the indications for spinal traction?

Answer 31

disc protrusion, disc herniation/prolapse, nerve root impingement, spondylolisthesis, joint hypomobility, arthritis conditions of facet joints, mechanically produced muscle spasm, joint pain, scoliosis

Question 32

What are some contraindications for spinal traction?

Answer 32

fractures, joint instability or hypermobility, tumors, osteoporosis and osteomalacia, bone and joint infections, osteo and rheumatoid arthritis, vertebral artery occlucion, pregnancy (cervical is ok), hiatal hernia and abdominal hernia, displaced disc fragment and cord compression

Question 33

What are some precautions for spinal traction?

Answer 33

acute spinal conditions, hypertension and respiratory disease, spinal surgery, dentures (cervical pulley only), breathing problems (lumbar only)

Question 34

What is the patient position for mechanical lumbar traction?

Answer 34

2 harness, pelvic and thoracic, patient with hips/knees flexed

Question 35

How much force is used with mechanical lumbar traction?

Answer 35

30-60% of body weight

Question 36

What is the treatment time for mechanical lumbar traction?

Answer 36

10-30 min

Question 37

What is a Saunders device?

Answer 37

harness for mechanical cervical traction

Question 38

What should the head/neck angle be for cervical traction?

Answer 38

neutral to 30 degrees flexion

Question 39

How much force is used with cervical traction?

Answer 39

20-30% of body weight

Question 40

How much weight should you begin with for cervical traction?

Answer 40

15-25 pounds

Question 41

What is the max tolerance for cervical traction?

Answer 41

usually 40-50 pounds

Question 42

Is inversion recommended?

Answer 42

no

Question 43

What are the contraindications and precautions for inversion?

Answer 43

heart disease, hypertension, glaucoma, sinus infections and asthma, migraines, detached retina