Impact of injury and Pain On Neuromuscular Control

Question 1

NMS Control consists of 3 components all of which

must be addressed in a rehabilitation plan

Answer 1

– Consciously controlled muscle contraction
– Reflex responses
– Complex movement patterns

Question 2

• Quick and efficient voluntary contractions are desired

* Injury can lead to inhibition of mm contraction

Answer 2

Conscious Muscle Contraction

Question 3

• Reflex response of muscle to stress and strain
• Ex: Ankle
– Stress on lateral ligaments causes sensory afferent signals to CNS
– Reflex activation of ankle everters to resist inversion

Answer 3

protective spinal reflex

Question 4

• Damage to the ligaments, capsule, tendons, etc
• Interrupts or decreases the afferent signals
• Difficult to reflexively contract mm to control balance

Answer 4

loss of proprioception

Question 5

• “take over” after practicing an activity
• Ex: athletes practice a pattern until can perform without thinking about it
• Injury leads to loss of these

Answer 5

Unconscious movement patterns

Question 6

Pain will inhibit the VMO from functioning

Answer 6

Patellar Femoral Pain Syndrome

Question 7

Shown to have been affected with injury:

Answer 7

– Balance
– Protective Reflexes
– Force output
– Joint stability
– Position sense

Question 8

Restoring Neuromuscular Control

Answer 8

• Active Rehabilitation
• EPAs to permit pain free exercises
• Neuromuscular electrical stimulation for muscle activation
• EMG biofeedback for retraining

Question 9

The use of information to bring physiological events to conscious awareness in the patient

Answer 9

Biofeedback

Question 10

• Teaching aid
• Electrical activity in the muscles detected
– Visual or auditory feedback
• Relearning motor patterns and motor control
• Relaxation of muscle spasm and muscle guarding

Answer 10

Electromyographic Biofeedback