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Chemistry > Year 9 - Reactivity etc > Flashcards

Year 9 - Reactivity etc Flashcards

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1
Q

What is made when metals react with other substances ?

A

Positive ions

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2
Q

What is the reactivity of metals related to its tendency to … ?

A

Form positive ions

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3
Q

How can metals be arranged in order of the reactivity ?

A

The reactivity series

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4
Q

How are metals arranged in the reactivity series ?

A

potassium, sodium, lithium, calcium, magnesium, aluminium, carbon, zinc, iron , hydrogen and copper

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5
Q

Which non metals are included in the reactivity series ?

A

Hydrogen and carbon

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6
Q

What can displace a less reactive metal from a compound ?

A

A more reactive metal

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7
Q

What is reacted with metals to make metal oxides ?

A

Oxygen

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8
Q

What is the reaction of oxygen called ?

A

Oxidisation

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9
Q

Explain oxidisation in terms of oxygen

A

It is the gain of oxygen

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10
Q

Explain reduction in terms of oxygen

A

It’s the loss of oxygen

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11
Q

What is corrosion ?

A

It is the destruction of materials by chemical reactions with substances in the environment.

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12
Q

What is needed for rusting ?

A

Iron, water, oxygen

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13
Q

What is rusting ?

A

An example of corrosion

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14
Q

How can corrosion be prevented ?

A

It’s applying a coating that acts as a barrier, such as greasing, galvanising, painting or electroplating.

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15
Q

What does aluminium have that prevents the metal from further corrosion ?

A

An oxide coating

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16
Q

What is used to provide a sacrificial protection ?

A

A more reactive metal eg. zinc is used to galvanise iron

17
Q

What type of metals are found in the earth as the metal itself ?

A

Unreactive metals like gold

18
Q

What do you need to do to most metals ?

A

require chemical reactions to extract the metals

19
Q

How can metals less reactive than carbon be extracted ?

A

reduction with carbon

20
Q

Are the earths metal ores limited or not ?

A

They are limited

21
Q

What are new ways of extracting copper from low grade ores ?

A

Phytomining and bio leaching

22
Q

How does phytoming work ?

A

The plants are harvested and then burned to produce ash that contains metal compounds.

23
Q

Explain sacrificial protection in terms of relative reactivity

A

You would coat a less reactive metal with a more reactive metal to protect the metal underneath

24
Q

What is bioleaching ?

A

It uses bacteria to produce leachate solutions that contain metal compounds

25
Q

What is an independent variable ?

A

It is the one that is changed or selected by the investigator

26
Q

What is a dependent variable ?

A

It is measured for each change in the independent variable

27
Q

What are control variables?

A

They are kept the same

28
Q

Why are control variables kept the same?

A

To make the test fair

29
Q

How do you find a mean average?

A

You add all the numbers together, and then, divide by how many numbers there are

30
Q

What is an accurate measurement?

A

It’s one that is close to the true value

31
Q

What are precise measurements?

A

This is if they cluster closely

32
Q

What are repeatable measurements?

A

When repeated under the same conditions, the same investigator gives similar results

33
Q

What are reproducible measurements ?

A

Its similar results obtained by different investigators with different equipment

34
Q

What is systematic error?

A

It’s due to measurements results different from the true value by consistent amount each time

35
Q

What would you do with anomalous results ?

A

They should be ignored

36
Q

Why are measurements affected by random error?

A

Because due to the results, bearing in unpredictable ways, these areas can be reduced by making more measurements and reporting a mean value

Chemistry (6 decks)

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