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Chemistry > Year 8 Term 1 > Flashcards

Year 8 Term 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is an acid ?

A

A substance that dissolves in water with a pH less than 7

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2
Q

Names common acids.

A

Hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, ethanoic acid, citric acid and carbonic acid.

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3
Q

What is an alkali ?

A

A substance that dissolves in water to give a solution with pH more than 7.

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4
Q

Name common alkalis.

A

Calcium hydroxide(lime), magnesium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide and ammonia.

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5
Q

What is an indicator ?

A

A substance which is one colour in an acidic solution and another in an alkaline solution.

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6
Q

Can indicators be made from natural coloured substances ?

A

Yes they can be made from natural coloured substance (red cabbage).

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7
Q

Name common lab indicators.

A

Methyl orange, bromothymol blue, phenolphthalein and litmus.

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8
Q

What is universal indicator ?

A

It is a mixture of different indicators that shows how strong an acid or alkali solution is.

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9
Q

What is a base ?

A

It’s an insoluble metal oxide or hydroxide.

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10
Q

What is an alkali ? (In terms of base)

A

A soluble base.

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11
Q

What does a base do ?

A

Reacts with an acid and neutralises it.

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12
Q

What is the reaction between an acid and base called ?

A

It’s called a nuetralisation.

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13
Q

What can a neutralisation reaction be followed by ?

A

An indicator

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14
Q

What is salt made in ?

A

Salt is made in a neutralisation reaction.

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15
Q

State common uses of neutralisation reactions.

A

Indigestion, bee stings (acidic), wasp stings (alkaline), nettle stings (acidic) and soil treatment.

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16
Q

What do acids need to work in an acidic fashion ?

A

Water.

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17
Q

What is the difference between concentrated and diluted acids ?

A

There is more acid in a concentrated acid than a diluted acid.

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18
Q

Are bee stings acidic or alkaline ?

A

Acidic

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19
Q

Are wasp stings acidic or alkaline ?

A

Alkaline

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20
Q

Are nettle stings acidic or alkaline ?

A

Acidic

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21
Q

What was the solid acid we dissolved ?

A

Citric acid

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22
Q

What’s the lowest pH value on the scale ?

A

pH 0

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23
Q

Where is hydrochloric acid found ?

A

A human stomach

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24
Q

Where is sulphuric acid found ?

A

Car battery

25
Q

Where is nitric acid found ?

A

Soil treatment

26
Q

Where is ethanoic acid ?

A

Vinegar

27
Q

Where is citric acid found ?

A

Citric fruit (orange, lemon)

28
Q

Where is carbonic acid found ?

A

Fizzy drinks

29
Q

What’s the highest pH value on the scale ?

A

pH 14

30
Q

What is calcium hydroxide(lime) used in ?

A

Treating soil that’s too acidic.

31
Q

What is magnesium hydroxide used for ?

A

Indigestion

32
Q

What is sodium hydroxide used for ?

A

Oven and drain cleaner.

33
Q

What is ammonia used for ?

A

Fluids that clean silver and brass.

34
Q

What plants can make indicators?

A

Lichens, rhubarb

35
Q

What substance might a pH value of 14 ?

A

Sodium hydroxide

36
Q

What colour is a red cabbage indicator in an acid ?

A

Red

37
Q

What colour is a red cabbage indicator in an alkali ?

A

Green

38
Q

What colour is methyl orange in an acid ?

A

Red

39
Q

What colour is methyl orange in an alkali ?

A

Yellow

40
Q

What colour is bromothymol blue in an acid ?

A

Yellow

41
Q

What colour is bromothymol blue in an alkali ?

A

Green

42
Q

What colour is phenolphthalein in an acid ?

A

Colourless

43
Q

What colour is phenolphthalein in an alkali ?

A

Pink

44
Q

What colour is litmus in an acid ?

A

Red

45
Q

What colour is litmus in an alkali ?

A

Blue

46
Q

What would an orange colour with universal indicator have a pH of ?

A

3 or 4

47
Q

What would a green colour would universal Indicator have a pH of?

A

7

48
Q

What are the blue colour with universal indicator have a pH of?

A

10 and 11

49
Q

A red colour would universal indicator would have a pH of?

A

0 and 2

50
Q

How many decimal places does a pH meter give ?

A

One

51
Q

Give an example of a metal oxide ?

A

Copper oxide

52
Q

Give an example of a metal hydroxide ?

A

Calcium hydroxide

53
Q

Give an example of a base neutralisation

A

Hydrochloric acid and potassium hydroxide

54
Q

What colours would an acidic solution go through before it’s neutralised ?

A

Red to orange to yellow to green.

55
Q

In indigestion treatment what acid and alkali are neutralised ?

A

Magnesium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid.

56
Q

What happens to the acid when it dissolve in water?

A

It splits apart

57
Q

What happens when you mix citric acid and sodium hydrogencarbonate ?

A

Nothing

58
Q

What happens when you mix citric acid and sodium hydrogen carbonate and add water ?

A

It fizzes, cools down and gives a colourless solution.

Chemistry (6 decks)

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