Year 9 Geography

Question 1

Where is the ice in the world?

Answer 1

Antarctica, Greenland, Himalayas, Andes, Alps, Rocky Mountains, Iceland, New Zealand (south), Kilimanjaro

Question 1

What are the four types of ice?

Answer 1

Ice sheet, mountain glacier, valley glacier, sea ice

Question 2

What is the definition of an ice sheet and what’s an example of it?

Answer 2

A mass of ice that covers the land for a long period of time with an area greater that 50,000km², Antarctica

Question 3

What is the definition of a mountain glacier and what’s an example of it?

Answer 3

Small glaciers found on mountain sides, The Alps

Question 4

What is the definition of a valley glacier and what’s an example of it?

Answer 4

Frozen river of ice flowing down a valley, Franz Josef Glacier in New Zealand

Question 5

What is the definition of sea ice and what’s an example of it?

Answer 5

An area of frozen seawater, Arctic

Question 6

What are two uses of glaciated environments?

Answer 6

Hill farming, Tourism

Question 7

What is hill farming?

Answer 7

It consists of alternating farming sheep between the top and bottom of the valley. In winter months, animals will be kept lower in the valley for the animals welfare, whilst they’ll be higher up in the summer months.

Question 8

What is tourism?

Answer 8

When people pay to visit an area of interest like on holiday. Due to the picturesque landscapes carved out by glaciers, millions of tourists visit places like the Lake District every year to take in the scenery, walks, camping and water based activities on lakes.

Question 9

What are the two glacial processes?

Answer 9

Weathering and Erosion

Question 10

What’s an example of weathering?

Answer 10

Freeze-thaw weathering - Water enters a crack during the day, freezes and expands overnight. Water melts and repeats and eventually breaks rock apart.

Question 11

What’s an example of erosion?

Answer 11

Plucking - Ice at the bottom of the glacier freezes around rocks. As the glacier moves downhill it pulls of bits of rock.
Abrasion - Rocks at the bottom of the glacier rub against the bedrock like sandpaper, wearing it away.

Question 12

What is the definition of weathering?

Answer 12

The process of wearing or being worn by long exposure to the atmosphere.

Question 13

What is deposition?

Answer 13

When transported material has been dropped, often due to a lack of energy.

Question 14

What is the definition of a glacier?

Answer 14

A slow moving frozen river created by accumulated and compacted snow.

Question 15

What are the 8 countries that the Alps are situated in?

Answer 15

Austria, Slovenia, France, Switzerland, Liechtenstein, Germany, Monaco, Italy

Question 16

What are negatives of humans on the Alps mountain range?

Answer 16

Locally owned business may be outcompeted by big brands, Increased footpath erosion and disturbing natural habitats, Increased congestion for caused by rising number of tourists.

Question 17

What are positives of humans on the Alps mountain range?

Answer 17

Provides jobs in tourist industry like climbing, skiing instructors and hotels, Tourists bring in a lot of money to the area and there is over 3 million tourists per year, Local infrastructure is improved to meet the demand.

Question 18

What are negatives of humans on the Lake District?

Answer 18

Gates can be left open and farm animals can escape, Dogs not being kept on a leash can affect farm animals, Increasing amounts of tourists brings increasing litter, More people buying second homes drives up house prices, More buildings ruins natural beauty.

Question 19

What are positives of humans on the Lake District?

Answer 19

Tourists spend lots of money in local businesses, hotels and pubs, Gives farmers another source of income with campsites and farm shops.

Question 20

What is the first stage of a corrie?

Answer 20

Snow builds up in a hollow and over time compacts into ice to form a glacier.

Question 21

What is the second stage of a corrie?

Answer 21

The ice moves in a circular fashion like an ice cream scoop.

Question 22

What is the third stage of a corrie?

Answer 22

Plucking and abrasion deepen the hollow and make the walls steeper.

Question 23

What is the fourth stage of a corrie?

Answer 23

When the glacier melts it leaves behind a corrie which sometimes have a lake in them called a tarn.

Question 24

What is the fifth stage of a corrie?

Answer 24

When two glaciers form back to back, they erode backwards and leave a steep ledge called an Arête.

Question 25

What are the four types of transportation?

Answer 25

Subglacial, bulldozing, englacial, supraglacial

Question 26

What are the two reasons why some parts of the world are colder?

Answer 26

Altitude, latitude

Question 27

What is altitude?

Answer 27

Altitude is a measure of the land’s height above sea level. Temperatures decrease by about 1°C for every 100m increase in height above sea level. This is because at higher altitudes air becomes less dense so it is less able to retain the heat that is receives from the ground.

Question 28

What is latitude?

Answer 28

Places nearer the Equator are much warmer than places nearer the Poles. This is because of the angle of incidence at which the Sun shines. At the Poles, the Sun is at a low angle and spreads the solar radiation at a much larger area, making it very cold. Parts of the Poles may also go days without sunlight in winter.

Question 29

How was Britain shaped by ice?

Answer 29

In northern Britain it was very cold all year round with temperatures in the winter of -30°C. Snow would have fallen throughout the year. In southern Britain winters were cold with temperatures of -10°C but in the summer it was warmer with temperatures of 10°C. In the summer it was too warm for snow, so there was rain and sunny spells.

Question 30

How big are the Alps?

Answer 30

1,200km wide

Question 31

What do people do in the Alps?

Answer 31

Winter sports during the colder months, adventure activities in the warmer months.

Question 32

Why is budgeting the Lake District very tough?

Answer 32

All stakeholders involved need to be catered for whilst having the national parks interests in mind.