Year 8 Term 2 Flashcards
Where are carbohydrase found ?
Mouth, pancreas, small intestine
Where are protease found ?
Stomach, pancreas, small intestine.
Where are lipase found ?
Pancreas, small intestine.
What is produced from carbohydrase ?
Sugar molecules
What is produced from protease ?
Amino acids
What is produced from lipase ?
Glycerol and fatty acids
What happens in the gullet/oesophagos ?
Food passes down this tube
What happens in the mouth ?
Food is chewed and mixed with saliva.
What happens in the stomach ?
Food is mixed with digestive juices and acids.
What happens in the large intestine ?
Water passes back into the body leaving feces.
What happens in the small intestine ?
Digestion is completed and nutrients pass Ito the blood.
What does Benedict solution test for ?
Sugar
What does oil and water test for ?
Oil
What does iodine test for ?
Starch
What does biuret solution test for ?
Protein
How do you turn a food into a colourless testable solution ?
Bring it with water and filter through muslin.
What are the key nutrients in addition to water that we need are ?
Carbohydrates, protein, fats, fibre, minerals and vitamins.
What type of diet do we need ?
A balanced/varied diet.
What is the method of test for Benedict solution ?
Put sugar/solution and Benedict solution together in 90 degree water.
What is the method of test for oil and water ?
Put one drop of oil and water on a piece of filter paper.
What is the method of test for iodine ?
Starch/solution with 2 drops of iodine.
What is the method of test for biuret ?
Add biuret to egg/ solution.
What is a positive result of Benedict solution ?
Went from Blue to Brick red
What is a positive result of oil and water ?
A greasy transparent mark will be left on paper from the oil.
What is a positive result of iodine ?
Went from yellow to dark blue.
What is a positive result of biuret ?
Went from blue to purple
What is one negative effect on health of high sugar foods ?
It can lead to obesity
When food is burned what is transferee to its surroundings ?
Energy
What is the experiment to investigate the energy of food content ?
Burn food under a test tube of water with a thermometer and the higher temperature the higher energy in food.
What is energy measured in ?
Joules, kilojoules or calories.
What can excess sugar mean ?
You take in too much sugar meaning you become overweight or diabetes.
What can excess fat lead to ?
Obesity
Why is some fat essential ?
Production of new cells and the correct functioning of hormones.
What is the name for the thing caused by lack of vitamins or minerals ?
Deficiency diseases
What is a lack of Vitamin D called ?
Rickets
What is a lack of Vitamin A called ?
Night blindness
What is a lack of Iron called ?
Anaemia
What is the experiment to prove that digestion is mainly a chemical process ?
Get ham, carrot, pepsin, Hydrochloric acid and water. Put them in test tubes and then leave them for a week after that see what had happened to the carrot and ham.
What is evolution ?
It’s the scientific idea that all species on Earth have gradually developed over millions of years.
What is a balanced diet ?
It has a variety of different types of foods and having the right amount of nutrients for good health.
What is natural selection ?
Mechanism by which an organism better adapts to their environment.
Which scientist proposed the theory of evolution ?
Charles Darwin
What does evolution mean ?
The process by different kinds of living organism are believed to have developed from earlier forms in history.
What’s the difference between extinct and endangered ?
Extinct is when an animal no longer exists and endangered is when there are still some left in the world.
Create a simple evolutionary sequence
1.ammonite. 2.nautilus. 3.limpet. 4.snail. 5.slug
What does peer review mean ?
Where a scientists work is checked by another scientist before being published.
Name the process by which organisms evolve.
Natural selection
What does biodiversity mean ?
A measure of the variety of organisms in the world.
How can you protect endangered species ?
Conservation, captive breading and gene banks
Describe the process of digestion .
Breakdown of large insoluble molecules into small soluble molecule, enzymes help to speed up digestion.
Give a structured account of digestion
Starch is digested in mouth, Protein is digested in stomach, Starch, Protein and Fat is digested in Small intestine.
Describe the role of enzymes .
they speed up digestion (breaking up large molecules into smaller ones) without being used up.
Describe the role of bacteria in digestion
they help break down food and make important vitamins.
