Year 8 Evolution

Question 1

What is evolution?

Answer 1

All species on Earth have gradually developed over millions of years from the simplest living things to the complex variety of life we see today.

Question 2

What did evolution start with ?

Answer 2

Unicellular organism

Question 3

How do organisms evolve ?

Answer 3

Survival of the fittest-therefore in the next generation organisms with good adaptations

Question 4

How did giraffes evolve ?

Answer 4

The neck length to reach up to the height trees to eat.

Question 5

Summarise natural selection

Answer 5

Individuals with a better adapted will survive they pass their traits onto their offspring This is a gradual change in characteristics.

Question 6

Why was Darwin’s theory gradually accepted instead of straight away? 

Answer 6

It went against the religious beliefs of the time that God created earth.
Lack of evidence at the time .

Question 7

What is evidence for Darwin’s theory today?

Answer 7

Fossils, DNA testing, antibiotic resistance is evolving in front of our eyes in bacteria.

Question 8

What does extinction mean?

Answer 8

No individuals of a species are alive today

Question 9

Name, one piece of evidence to show that dinosaurs ever existed

Answer 9

There are fossils

Question 10

State three theories for the extinction of the dinosaurs 

Answer 10

Climate change, asteroid, super volcanic eruption.

Question 11

Describe other factors that may lead to the extinction of other species

Answer 11

A new introduction of another species, changes to the environment it lives in, outbreak of a new disease, increased competition for resources and habitats been destroyed

Question 12

What is the difference between a theory and a fact?

Answer 12

A theory is something that someone has come up with, and it can’t be proved or disproved, and a fact is something that has been proved or disproved.

Question 13

What is biodiversity?

Answer 13

The enormous variety of living things on Earth

Question 14

Why is it important to maintain biodiversity of the Earth?

Answer 14

A large variety of species will cope better without threats

Question 15

Give some examples of of extinct species?

Answer 15

Woolly mammoth, dodo, Tasmanian, Sabre tooth tiger, dinosaurs, wood cycad, calamites, ammonite

Question 16

What are the effects of extinction on biodiversity?

Answer 16

When a species becomes extinct biodiversity is reduced. Biodiversity is important for the maintaining populations. The greater variety of species are less likely it’ll become extinct.

Question 17

What can be done to protect endangered species and prevent extinction? 

Answer 17

Have captive breeding in zoos, protect their habitat, education, and laws to protect species. 

Question 18

How could reduce amount of light and heat caused the extinction of plants?

Answer 18

The plant doesn’t get any chlorophyll too much heat. It will mean the water will evaporate.

Question 19

How could the extinction of plants have caused the extinction of some animals?

Answer 19

The animals who eat plants died and the animals who eat the animals, who eat plants, have nothing to eat, so they will die.

Question 20

How do you know what types of animals live in the hundreds of millions of years ago?

Answer 20

Fossils

Question 21

How many years ago did the most recent mass extinction happen ?

Answer 21

65 years ago

Question 22

Which scientific first proposal theory of evolution ?

Answer 22

Charles Darwin

Question 23

How do survival rates differ for successful adaptation ?

Answer 23

Successful adaptation is higher when survival rates are also as high this is because the animal has their entire life to adapt.

Question 24

Create a simple evolutionary sequence

Answer 24

Ammonite, nautilus, limpet, snail and slug

Question 25

What is the definition of peer review ?

Answer 25

The work has been looked at by other scientists, who then agree with the conclusions