Year 8 Plants Flashcards
What is the word equation for photosynthesis?
Carbon dioxide + water (Light and energy + chlorophyll) glucose and oxygen
How does carbon dioxide get into the plants ?
Thought the stomata
How does water get into the plants ?(short)
Into roots
How does glucose leave the plants?
Travels up and down plant to all cells
How do you do the nail varnish practical to show water loss from a plant?
Varnish over 1 cm2 of leaf, and then tape it to a slide using tape observe through a microscope
How leaves adapted for the carbon dioxide to reach all cells quickly ?
More stomata, air space and they’re thin (less time to get there)
What was the observation of the nail varnish practical ?
There were many more stomata on the underneath of the leaf .
What happens if a plant loses too much water ?
It wilts
How did the plant adapt to control water vapour ?
It has guard cells
How does water get into a plant? (Paragraph)
Water gets into the plant by diffusing through the root hair cells. The hairs provide a big surface area which maximise the amount of water that difuses into the plant. The water is then passed across the root cell to cell and also seeps between them. The water is then transported up through the xylem tubes. As the water evaporates from the leaves, more water is drawn up the tubes likes sucking a straw.
What happens in the nucleus?
Contains DNA stores information to control the cell
What happens in the cell wall ?
Contain cellulose to give the cell strength and support
What happens in the cytoplasm ?
Where chemical reactions occur
What happens in the vacuole ?
Contains cell sap to provide support for the cell
What happens in the cell membrane ?
Controls what goes in and out of the cell.
What happens in the chloroplasts?
Contains chlorophyll to trap light and be the site of photosynthesis.
What is photosynthesis?
This is when plants make food.
What are some of the uses of glucose in photosynthesis?
Respiration, cellulose, lipids, protein, starch.
How to test for starch in a leaf?
Put the leaf and hot water bath to kill it and the waxy cuticle.
Put ethanol in test tubes, they are 90° for a bit wait for three minutes.
Take the leaf out of the water, rinse it and lay it in a Petri dish.
Flood the Petri dish with iodine which will show if there is starch present. If it goes black there is starch if it goes yellow there is no starch.
How do you test for the present of oxygen ?
Insert a glowing splint and if oxygen is present it will relight.
What are four factors that affect the rate of photosynthesis ?
Increase in water, light, temperature or carbon dioxide
How does light intensity affect the rate of photosynthesis?
As light intensity increases, the rate of photosynthesis increases until it levels off 
How does the concentration of carbon dioxide affect the rate of photosynthesis?
 CO2 concentration increases the rate of photosynthesis increases until it levels off.
How does temperature affect the rate of photosynthesis?
As the temperature increases so does photosynthesis until it reaches a peak and then any more increase in temperature makes photosynthesis decrease and stop
What are the 4 minerals required for photosynthesis?
Nitrates, phosphates, potassium and magnesium
Why is nitrate important?
For healthy, growth
Why are phosphates important?
For healthy roots
Why is potassium important?
For healthy leaves and flowers
Why is magnesium important?
For making chlorophyll
What is a deficiency symptoms of nitrate?
Poor growth, and old leaves go yellow
What is a deficiency symptoms of phosphates ?
Bad root growth and younger leaves go purple
What is a deficiency symptoms of potassium?
Yellow leaves and dead patches.
What is a deficiency symptoms of magnesium ?
Turn yellow
What is meant by fertiliser?
Soil provides the plant with all the different nutrients that it needs to live
Why do farmers use fertilisers ?
To prevent future crops from suffering a mineral deficiency.
