Year 8 Biology - Genes

Question 1

State the causes of variation in a species

Answer 1

Variation in a species comes from changes in genes, mating, surroundings, and random genetic changes over time.

Question 2

Explain whether characteristics are inherited or environmental

Answer 2

Characteristics can be inherited from parents or influenced by the environment during an individual’s life.

Question 3

What are the types of variation?

Answer 3

continuous and discontinuous variation

Question 4

What is the difference between continuous and discontinuous variation?

Answer 4

Continuous variation shows a range of values, while discontinuous variation has distinct categories or groups.

Question 5

How does variation help species survive environmental changes?

Answer 5

Variation enables some individuals to better adapt to environmental changes, ensuring species’ survival.

Question 6

How are species adapted to their environment?

Answer 6

through traits that enhance survival and reproduction in specific conditions.

Question 7

How do organisms adapt to environmental changes?

Answer 7

through evolutionary processes, such as natural selection, mutation, and behavioural adjustments.

Question 8

What are the changes that take place in puberty for girls?

Answer 8

breast development, growth of pubic hair, beginning of menstrual cycle, and overall body growth.

Question 9

What are the changes that take place in puberty for boys?

Answer 9

growth of facial and body hair, deepening of the voice, growth spurts, and development of the reproductive organs.

Question 10

What’s the difference between adolescence and puberty?

Answer 10

Puberty is about body changes Adolescence includes those changes plus emotional and social growth.

Question 11

What are the main changes that take place during puberty?

Answer 11

Growth spurts, sexual development, and emotional changes occur during puberty.

Question 12

what are the main structures in the male reproductive systems?

Answer 12

-Testes
-penis
-vas deferens

Question 13

what are the main structures in the female reproductive systems?

Answer 13

-Ovaries
-uterus
-fallopian tubes.

Question 14

Describe the function of the male and female reproductive systems?

Answer 14

The male reproductive system produces and delivers sperm, while the female system produces eggs and supports fertilization and pregnancy.

Question 15

Describe the structure and function of gametes?

Answer 15

Sperm from males and eggs from females are special cells for making babies. Sperm are tiny and swim to fertilize eggs. Eggs are larger and provide food for the baby when fertilized. When they join, they start making a baby.

Question 16

What is it meant by fertilisation?

Answer 16

Fertilization is the process where a sperm cell joins with an egg cell to start the development of a new organism.

Question 17

Describe the process of fertilisation?

Answer 17

Fertilization occurs when a sperm cell from the male joins with an egg cell from the female, usually in the fallopian tube. This union forms a zygote, which begins to divide and develop into an embryo.

Question 18

Describe the causes of low fertility in male and female reproductive systems?

Question 19

what is it meant by gestation?

Question 20

what happens during gestation and birth?

Question 21

Explain whether substances are passed between the mother and fetus?

Question 22

state what the menstrual cycle is?

Question 23

State the length of the menstrual cycle?

Question 24

Describe the main stages in the menstrual cycle