YEAR 1 CO1 WEEK 23 PROTOCOLS

Question 1

What is a protocol?

Answer 1

Is a set of rules to govern communication and data transmission

Question 2

What are the protocol components ?

Answer 2

How to set up a connection
How to end a connection
How to start a message
How to end a message
How to deal with corrupted data
How to format the data being sent

Question 3

What need to happen before communication can take place?

Answer 3

Error correction
-odd /even parity , check sum ,echoing
Connection media
-Cable /wirless
Mode of transmission
- Simplex/duplex/serial/parallel
Code used for characters
-ASCII, UNICODE
Bit rate
- used for communication

Question 4

What are the standard network protocols?

Answer 4

TCP/IP is the network protocol used on the the internet

Question 5

What is the TCP/IP

Answer 5

Transmission Control Protocol

Question 6

What are layers ?

Answer 6

Group of protocols organised by a function
Many models
Eg TCP = 4 layers

Question 7

What are the benefits of Layers?

Answer 7

• We can focus on one layer at a time
• when u develop software and hardware as you can focus on one small part instead of everything else
• we can test it separately
• we can recognise it by what layer does what

Question 8

What are the main Protocols ?

Answer 8

HTTP- web pages, FTP- FILE TRANSFER PROTOCOL ,SMTP- sending to a server ,POP- moves a message so can’t be seen everywhere , IMAP- copies message so can be seen everywhere

Question 9

What are the 4 layers ?

Answer 9

Layer 4 - Application
Layer3 - Transport
Layer 2 - Internet/ IP layer
Layer 1 - Network or Datalink

Question 10

What is the Application layer ?

Answer 10

• Deals with the data
• Provides access to email and files and websites across ip network
  Layer where communication process begins.
  Interacts directly with software application such as Web browsers and email clients.
  Prepares data for transmission by converting into format that can be sent + received over the network.

Question 11

What is the transport Layer?

Answer 11

• Splits data into packets and number sequentially
• Adds port number to be used
• error checking
• Connection-less mode transmitter just send packets with out setting up session
  Receives data from application layer.
  Responsible for end-to-end communication between source and destination.
  Breaks data into smaller equal parts called packets.
  Each assigned numbers so can be reassembled in the correct order.

Question 12

What is the Ip layer

Answer 12

• Sorts out how data gets from one place to another
• sorts out ip
  Receives packets from transport layer.
  Adds header to each packet containing senders IP address + recievers IP address.
  Responsible for routing each packet across network using the IP addresses in the headers.

Question 13

What is the link layer ?

Answer 13

Receives packets from Internet Layer and prepares for transmission over physical network.
Translates digital packets into electrical, optical or wireless signal.
On receiving end translated back to digital packets.

Question 14

What’s the difference between physical and logical protocols?

Answer 14

Physical protocols is set of rules for hardware
Logical is set of rules for software