Yan'an Flashcards
What was the significance of Yan’an? (2 pt)
- Reinforced many of the ideals which became fundamental to the Chinese communists
- Consolidated Mao’s grip on party leadership
What were the land and tax reforms introduced in Yan’an? (5 pt)
- 1935- 1937 surplus land taken from landlords and given to those in need (peasants did this themselves with protection from Red Army)
- After 1937- land was no longer taken from wealthy to ensure everyone had an anti-Japanese belief
- Interest on loans and mortgages were reduced from 18 to 1.5 percent
- Rent was reduced to 25% or less than the harvest
- Tax bonuses for landlords who invested in local industry or had a son in the Red Army
What were the social reforms implemented in Yan’an?
- Women’s associations
- Evening schools
What was the difference in literacy rate between 1936 and 1943?
1% to 50%
Why did many come to Yan’an? (2 pt)
- Disillusioned with GMD government
- Drawn to communist ordered government, anti-Japanese sentiment and apparent integrity
What was believed to be the key to self-sufficiency?
Hardship and adversity
What was the soldiers role in harvesting in Yan’an? (2 pt)
- Soldiers not on patrol helped peasants till the land, harvest grain and construct irrigation channels
- Army units produced 40% of their own food
What was the main income source for the Yan’an government?
Opium trade with Japanese occupied areas
What was the local government structure? (5 pt)
1/3 CCP 1/3 Other leftist groups 1/3 anyone except right-wing GMD, Japanese collaborators, landlords, or local bullies Elected by popular vote at lowest level Governed by democratic centralism
What is the mass line?
the CCP should learn from the masses and develop programmes providing revolutionary leadership
When was the Rectification Campaign officially launched?
February 1942
What was the aim of the Rectification Campaign? (2 pt)
Teach Chinese communists Mao’s revolutionary ideas
Eliminate influence of Mao’s political opponents
Why did Mao launch the Rectification Campaign? (2 pt)
It was believed new party members did not have a sound knowledge of the correct style of work
wanted to implement correct revolutionary consciousness
How did the Rectifications work?
- Mao or an associate would give a lecture to a mass gathering
- The audience broke into small groups for discussion and study to grasp the correct interpretation of the ideas presented
- Those who were ‘unreliable’ were subject to struggle sessions where they were criticised by others and themselves
- Intensive study of Mao’s writings or hard manual labour
What was Mao’s ideology behind the Rectifications?
Unity-Criticism-Unity brings about a higher understanding
