The First United Front

Question 1

When was the First United Front between the CCP and GMD?

Answer 1

26th January 1923 with the Sun-Joffe Declaration

Question 2

What was the Sun- Joffe Declaration?

Answer 2

A joint manifesto by Sun Yat Sen and Russian Comintern agent Joffe outlining the urgent goals of the alliance between Sun’s GMD and the CCP

Question 3

Why did the CCP agree to form an alliance with Sun Yat Sen?

Answer 3

Their party was small and they could see the benefit in siding with the larger GMD and having a GMD membership

Question 4

Why did Sun Yat Sen agree to form an alliance with the CCP?

Answer 4

He was desperate for aid in order to set up a new socialist government and stage a nationalist revolution- this aid was provided by the Russian Comintern

Question 5

What were the GMD’s main ideology during the United Front?

Answer 5

• Sun Yat Sen’s three principles amended to emphasise the need to rid China of warlord and imperialist rule and articulate the crucial role of the workers and peasants

Question 6

What was Mao Zedong’s position in the GMD?

Answer 6

Alternative CEC membership (could not vote)

Question 7

How many seats in the GMG CEC (Central Executive Committee) were given to Communists?

Answer 7

3 out of 24

Question 8

What is the significance of the military school in Huangpu?

Answer 8

-Prepared a professional military force for the New Nationalist Coalition
- Soviet-financed
- Chiang Kai-Shek was head of the academy and commander in chief in May 1924
MANY SOLDIERS DEVELOPED STRONG LOYALTY TO CHIANG

Question 9

What was the significance of the death of Sun Yat-Sen in 1925?

Answer 9

He held the alliance and factions of GMD and CCP together

GMD fell into left and right factions with a military faction dominated by Chiang Kai-shek