The Boxer Uprising Flashcards
When was the Boxer Rebellion?
1899-1900
Who were the Boxers?
‘The Righteous and Harmonious Fists’- anti-foreigner group who practised martial arts and believed they had special powers to deflect bullets
What was the Boxer’s chief catchcry?
“Support the Qing, exterminate the foreigners!”
What did they call Westerners?
Primary Hairy Ones
What did they call Chinese converts to Christianity?
Secondary Hairy Ones
How many people did the Boxers kill?
250 Westerners
Countless Chinese
What did the Boxers destroy?
Anything related to foreigners, such as churches and missionaries and railways
Why did the Boxers initially rise up?
The increasing influence of the West was harming the feng shui of the country… e.g. the railways were cutting the “dragon’s vein”
Thus, the severe flooding and drought in Shandong was believed to be a result of increased foreign influence
What did Cixi do between 1899 and 1900 to support the Boxers?
Released edicts to endorse and encourage their behaviour
Where did the Boxer’s begin their rampage (geographically)?
Hubei and Shandong
When did the Boxers reach Beijing?
13th June 1900
What did the Ironhats do to show their support for the Boxers in Beijing?
Invited them to serve as guards at their homes
When were the British and German diplomats killed? And what did this cause?
June 1900
Legations opened fire on the Boxers
How did Britain respond to the Boxer crisis in Beijing?
Moved a precautionary force from Tianjin to Beijing- they were turned back by the Boxers
What made Cixi decide, on the 21st June, to side with the Boxers, rather than the foreign countries by declaring war on these countries?
- The British march to Beijing was perceived as an act of war against her country
- She did not want to lose the faith of the people, who supported the Boxers as they were getting rid of the foreign problem
What was the response of Chinese Viceroys?
Refused to help the Boxers attack legations between 21st June and 14th August to maintain their lucrative ties with the west- They even protected the embassies
When did the nine nation army march on Beijing?
4th August
How many soldiers were in the 9 nation army?
18,000
When were legations liberated?
14th August
Where did Cixi and Guangxu flee to?
Xi’an
What did the foreign invaders do to Beijing after the defeat of the Boxers?
- Loot, pillage, rape
- Divided into sections controlled by each country
When was the Boxer Protocol signed?
1901
What were the monetary conditions of the protocol?
Foreign power received indemnity of 450 million silver dollars
What were the military conditions of the Boxer protocol?
- Forts of Dagu not to be rebuilt
- Two-year ban on arms importations
- Foreign troops stationed indefinitely
