Y5 - Passmedicine Orthopaedics

Question 1

what classification system is used for neck of femur fractures

Answer 1

Garden classification

Question 2

what are the features of the garden classification for neck of femur fractures

Answer 2

1 incomplete stable fracture
2 complete non-displaced
3 complete partially displaced
4 complete and completely displaced`

Question 3

what is the gartland classification for

Answer 3

supracondylar fractures in children

Question 4

what is the salter-harris clasification for

Answer 4

growth plate fractures

Question 5

what are weber fractures

Answer 5

fractures of syndesmosis (fibula)

Question 6

what is the most appropriate medication for back pain

Answer 6

oral naproxen

Question 7

what is the most common reason a total hip replacement revision would occur

Answer 7

aseptic loosening of the implant

Question 8

what can cause dupytrens contracture

Answer 8

phenytoin treatment

alcoholic liver disease

Question 9

what is classically impaired in adhesive capsulitis

Answer 9

external rotation

Question 10

what is restricted in frozen shoulder

Answer 10

active and passive range of motion in abduction, internal, and external rotation (which shows most marked restriction)

Question 11

what condition is linked to frozen shoulder

Answer 11

adhesive capsulitis

Question 12

what are the three phases in frozen shoulder

Answer 12

painful freezing phase
adhesive phase
recovery phase

Question 13

what are oslers nodes

Answer 13

painful red lesions on hands and feet

due to immune complexes

Question 14

what are bouchards nodes

Answer 14

hard bone outgrowths on proximal interphalangeal joints

sign of osteoarthritis

Question 15

what are heberdens nodes

Answer 15

develop in middle age
chronic swelling, redness, numbness, loss of manual dexterity
leaves a permanent bony outgrowth

Question 16

what are ganglions

Answer 16

swelling associated with a tendon sheath

Question 17

what sign is used to differentiate an L5 root injury from a common peroneal nerve injury

Answer 17

foot inversion

Question 18

what is the risk of a scaphoid fracture

Answer 18

non-union and avascular necrosis

Question 19

what are three features of colles fracture

Answer 19

1 transverse fracture of the radius
2 1 inch proximal to the radio-carpal joint
3 dorsal displacement and angulation

Question 20

how does a colles fracture occur

Answer 20

fall onto extended outstretched hands

Question 21

how does a smiths fracture occur

Answer 21

fall backwards onto palm of outstretched FLEXED hands

Question 22

what causes a bennetts fracture

Answer 22

punching

Question 23

what is a bennetts fracture

Answer 23

intra-articular fracture of first carpometacarpal joint

Question 24

what causes a monteggias fracture

Answer 24

fall onto outstretched hand with forced pronation

Question 25

what is a monteggias fracture

Answer 25

dislocation of the proximal radioulnar joint in associated with an ulna fracture

Question 26

what is a galeazzi fracture

Answer 26

radial shaft fracture with associated dislocation of the distal radioulnar joint

Question 27

what causes a galeazzi fracture

Answer 27

fall on the hand with a rotational force superimposed on it

Question 28

what is a bartons fracture

Answer 28

distal radius fracture with associated radiocarpal dislocation

Question 29

what causes a bartons fracture

Answer 29

fall onto extended and pronated wrist

Question 30

which nerve root will cause weakness of knee extension

Answer 30

L3

Question 31

what classification is used for growth plate injuries

Answer 31

salter-harris system

Question 32

what are features of the salter-harris classification

Answer 32

I - fracture through physis
II - fracture through physis and metaphysis
III - fracture through physis and epiphysis to include the joint
IV - fracture involved the physis, metaphysis, and epiphysis
V - crush injury involving the physis