Anaphylaxis Flashcards
def
an acute, severe, life-threatening allergic reaction
what organ systems are involved
at least 2 of: skin respiratory system (upper and lower airways) cardiovascular system neurological system GI system
what are common causes of anaphylaxis
allergy to medicines, food, insect stings
what are the most common causes of anaphylaxis in adults
penicillin
NSAIDs
what is the most common cause of anaphylaxis in children
food allergies
aetiology
allergy exposure in pre-sensitised individuals
what are causes of anaphylaxis
drugs, food, insect stings
exercise
what are causes of anaesthesia related anaphylaxis in adults
neuromuscular blocking agents
NSAIDs
what are causes of anaesthesia related anaphylaxis in children
latex
risk factors
young people
food-associated
exercise induced
FMHx/Hx of atopy/asthma oa anaphylaxis
what are features of anaphylaxis
acute onset SOB, wheezing, rhinitis
associated with angio-oedema, urticaria (hives), conjunctivitis
how is anaphylaxis diagnosed
clinical diagnosis
what is the first investigation to complete
raised serum tryptase level
however immediate management must be completed first
what is the management for anaphylaxis
IM adrenaline 0.5mg
ABCDEFG
what is given to anaphylaxis patients with cardiopulmonary arrest
CPR + IV adrenaline
what is given to anaphylaxis patients with severe hypotension
patients commonly may be taking BBs for CAD
this complicates IV adrenaline so glucagon is also given
what is given to anaphylaxis patients with persistant respiratory conditions
inhaled B2-agonist (salbutamol)
what is given to anaphylaxis patients with symptomatic hives and rhinorhoea
antihistamines
what is given to anaphylaxis patients post stabilisation
corticosteroids
complications
recurrence most commonly
MI + D
what is the mneumonic for causes of anaphylaxis
FIDL
Food
Insect stings
Drugs
Latex
what is the mneumonic for features of anaphylaxis
S ECG
Skin - angio-oedema + urticaria
Expiratory wheeze, SOB (resp system)
Cardio system
GI system and oral
