Extradural Haemorrhage Flashcards
def
bleeding and accumulation of blood into the extradural space
aetiology
head trauma which commonly causes fracture around the pterygoid which can rupture the middle meningeal artery
what sort of bleeding is in EDH
arterial
what sort of bleeding is in SDH
venous
what occurs as a result of bleeding in EDH
bleeding causes rapid accumulation of blood between the dura and skull which strips the dura from the inner skull
this leads to raised ICP and compression of brain parenchyma
epi
common in young adults
what sort of brain haemorrhage is common in elderly
SDH
Age
Alcohol
Anticoagulation
history
Hx of head injury
temporary LOC followed by lucid interval followed by progressive deterioration in consciousness
examination
signs of head trauma
headache
deteriorating GCS
signs of raised ICP
what are signs of raised ICP
headache
N+V + seizures
pupillary changes
what is cushings triad with raised ICP
bradycardia
HTN
abnormal respiration
what pupillary changes are seen with raised ICP
dilated pupil which is unresponsive or slow to react to light (on side of injury)
what is the first line investigation for EDH
CT head
