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Y2 Mid Flashcards

1
Q

Would only sell theaters their big movies if the theater bought lesser films with it. This was breaking anti-trust laws. Started losing viewers to TV

A

1950 Paramount block booking

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2
Q

100 years ago who made films?

A

Companies and studios. Actors, directors and crews were contracted to work for the company/studio for a certain amount of time.

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3
Q

End of 1950’s and 1960’s how did film change?

A

Independent voices. French New Wave Directors were put in the forefront, put their stamp on a film. One person could now make films, not attached to a studio, director is now an entrepreneur. Had more individual viewpoints and made a lot of money. Drive-ins begin.

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4
Q

1978 What festival?
1975 what Agency?

A

Sundance Film Festival, Creative Artist’s Agency

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5
Q

1970’s what did director’s include in their films?

A

Directors worldview and opinions become intertwined with their films.

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6
Q

Hard cash

A

Investments

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7
Q

What is Kathryn Bigelow’s preferred method of shooting?

A

Handheld. Her DP Barry Ackroyd would approach filming like a wildlife photographer, switching up the position of the camera. Used handheld for Hurt Locker and Detroit. They are also stories that unfold immediately in front of the audience.

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8
Q

What makes Kathryn Bigelow’s films visceral?

A

Active relationship with a viewer. Immersion can create empathy. This empathy engages a viewer in a new way. She rarely wastes time easing the viewer in.

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9
Q

What college did Kathryn Bigelow go to and what did she study?

A

First went to San Francisco Art Institute to study expressionist painting. Then went to grad school at Columbia to study Scholarship Criticism where she was attracted to the analytical side of film.What college did Kathryn Bigelow go to and what did she study?

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10
Q

What was Kathryn Bigelow’s VR piece?

A

The Protectors about the ivory trade from the viewpoint of a ranger in Garamba National Park in the Dominican Republic of the Congo. These rangers protect elephants from poachers. The piece helped to raise money for equipment that the rangers need. She says this medium is an empathy builder. She lets the content dictate the technology.

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11
Q

What is peak TV?

A

Period of time with an abundance of original scripted episodic programming.

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12
Q

After the recession what did the market for scripts do?

A

It switched from selling to buying. Now buyers could be highly selective and incredibly demanding. In turn the spec script market declined.

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13
Q

What television series could have been an independent film showed at Sundance?

A

Breaking Bad. So much more independent film can be made now because there are more money sources than before.

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14
Q

How has the video-on-demand market changed things?

A

Writers, directors and show-runners are now being offered full seasons instead of pilot episodes like before. Have more creative freedom and greater control of their product.

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15
Q

What happened in the 1988 Writer’s Strike?

A

One-and-done screenwriting model. Scripts were bought for concept and not execution. Many screenwriters became one-hit-wonders, which is where the name one-and-done came from.

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16
Q

What is the “career screenwriter”? Why does the industry want them?

A

Someone with the discipline to write something that will keep them employed for years because then everyone else is employed too.

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17
Q

How has the writing industry changed because of Video-On-Demand?

A

More people used to be feature writers only but now more writers are features and television since the demand for television is increasing because of all the digital outlets available to viewers now.

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18
Q

Effect of Worldwide cinema boom of 1960

A

Required more films to fill Nickelodeons. Needed to film during more daylight hours. Achieved this by standardization of lighting conditions.

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19
Q

What happened to lighting in films in 1912?

A

Expressive use of lighting started.

20
Q

How did lighting change during WWI?

A

Extra lighting added specifically for the actors, not to light the set.

21
Q

What technique came from stills photography and was normal in the US through the 1920s?

A

Soft focus

22
Q

What camera technique was developed by European filmmakers in the 1920s?

A

Moving the camera: tracking, panning and tilting. Now there was a dedicated camera operator and lighting cameraman.

23
Q

Innovation of films in 1980s

A

Adding a special look to each film: color filters and coloring techniques during film development.

24
Q

When hiring a cinematographer what should you consider?

A

Budget, compatibility, pace, signature look, versatility. Different levels of filmmaking with different people.

25
Q

What was the first year in which top-grossing films were shot on digital cameras?

A

2002, but wasn’t until 2012 that at least half of the films were shot digitally.

26
Q

What films are twice as likely to be shot digitally when compared to war films?

A

sci-fi

27
Q

16

A

Smallest size used on professional Hollywood movies is Super ______mm. Used either when the filmmaker wants a gritty look or to save money. It was used on: Leaving Las Vegas, Evil Dead and Chasing Amy.

28
Q

35mm

A
  1. The traditional film stock used by the vast majority of movies which shoot on film.
  2. Normal 35mm film stock but runs it sideways to give 65% more space to each image.
29
Q

65

A

Used mostly by directors who have the power to demand the extra budget needed. Paul Thomas Anderson’s The Master and
Tarantino’s The Hateful Eight. Or when the final movie will be distributed on IMAX screens.

30
Q

70 mm

A

Film stock which is twice as big as big as 35mm. Films projected on ___mm are normally shot on 65mm and blown up to ____mm.

31
Q

What comes with using a bigger film size?

A

More money to buy and process it and adds size and weight to the camera.

32
Q

The are the 3 most commonly-used digital cameras?

A

Arri Alexa, followed by the RED Epic and the Sony CineAlta.

33
Q

What is the difference in lifespan of film cameras vs digital?

A

Film cameras life span is much longer like 40 years. Digital cameras are replaced often by a new camera.

34
Q

What is the ratio of the width of the frame to the height, commonly expressed as?

A

1.85 : 1

35
Q

In the early days of film, what aspect ratio was used?

A

1.33 : 1 (also called 4:3) which is close to being a square frame

36
Q

What aspect ratio did TV use?

A

4:3 format

37
Q

Which aspect ratios did film experimental with to make it wider and bigger than TV?

A

ToddAO (2.20 :1), CinemaScope (2.35 : 1), anamorphic (2.39 : 1 ) and Cinerama (2.59 : 1)

38
Q

What aspect ratio did most Hollywood films use?

A

1.85 : 1 became standard from the mid 1950s up until around 2000

39
Q

Television started to copy the widescreen format, with what aspect ratio that became the normal for DVDs?

A

1.77 : 1 (also known as 16:9)

40
Q

Over two thirds of the top 100 US-grossing Hollywood films are now shot in what aspect ratio?

A

2.35 : 1, with under a third being released in 1.85 : 1.

41
Q

Directors Guild of America. Entertainment guild reps creative and economic rights of directors/ and members of their team. For ilm, TV, commercials, docs, news, sports and new media.

A

DGA

42
Q

Writers Guild of America. Labor union of thousands of writers who write content. For film, TV, news, and docs.

A

WGA?

43
Q

Screen Actors Guild/American Federation of Television and Radio Artists. More than 160,000 actors. Also announcers, broadcasters, journalists, dancers, DJs, news writers and editors, program hosts, puppeteers, recording artists, singers, stunt performers, VO artists and other media professionals.

A

SAG-AFTRA?

44
Q

International Alliance of Theatrical Stage Employees, Moving Picture technicians, artists and allied crafts of the US. Supports efforts to est. fair wages and working conditions. Below the line.

A

IATSE?

45
Q

Transportation Guild. Truck drivers, chauffeurs, and transport captains. Reps workers in films, firms that produce features, TV, commercials, and live theater.
East coast- rep Casting directors that are local.
West Coast- rep Location Managers.
Below the line.

A

Teamsters

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