Y2 Fin Flashcards
(HW & 4A) Who wrote “How to Win Friends and Influence People (1936)”?
Dale Carneige
*Named #19 on Time Magazine’s list of 100 most influential books in 2011.
*Noted in the New York Times to have been extremely successful in Nazi Germany, much to the writer’s bewilderment.
*Emphasizing the use of other’s egotistical tendencies to one’s advantage, Carnegie maintained that success could be found by charm, appreciation, and personality.
*He was approached by publisher Leon Shimkin of the publishing house Simon & Schuster. Shimkin urged Carnegie to write a book. The book met widespread popularity, but also stark criticism in many cases. Despite many of the negative comments from his critics, Carnegie’s book established a new genre (self-help).
(HW & 4A) 3 Fundamental Techniques in Handling People:
(1) Don’t criticize, condemn, or complain.
(2) Give honest and sincere appreciation (Appreciation is a powerful tool).
(3) Arouse in the other person an eager want (combine our desires with their wants).
(HW & 4A) 6 Ways to Make People Like You
1) Become genuinely interested in other people.
2) Smile.
3) Remember the person’s name.
4) Be a good listener and encourage others to talk about themselves.
5) Talk in terms of the other person’s interest.
6) Make the other person feel important and do it sincerely.
12 Ways to Win People to Your Way of Thinking
1) The only way to get the best of an argument is to avoid it.
2) Never say “You’re wrong.” Show respect for the other person’s opinions
3) If you’re wrong, admit it quickly and emphatically.
4) Begin in a friendly way.
5) Start with questions to which the other person will answer yes
6) Let the other person do a great deal of the talking
7) Let the other person feel the idea is theirs
8) Try honestly to see things from the other person’s point of view
9) Be sympathetic with the other person’s ideas and desires
10) Appeal to the nobler motives
11) Dramatize your ideas
12) Throw down a challenge
(HW & 4A) How to Change People without Giving Offense or Arousing Resentment
1) Begin with praise and honest appreciation
2) Call attention to people’s mistakes indirectly
3) Talk about your own mistakes before criticizing the other person
4) Ask questions instead of giving direct orders
5) Let the other person save face
6) Praise every improvement
7) Give the other person a fine reputation to live up to
8) Use encouragement. Make the fault seem easy to correct
9) Make the other person happy about doing what you suggest
(HW & 4A) Dale Carnegie began his career not as a writer…
but as a teacher of public speaking.
*He started out teaching night classes at a YMCA in New York and his classes became wildly popular and highly attended.
*Decided to begin teaching the courses on his own at hotels in London, Paris, New York, Boston, Philadelphia, and Baltimore.
*The satirical writer Sinclair Lewis waited a year to offer his scathing critique. He described Carnegie’s method as teaching people to “smile and bob and pretend to be interested in other people’s hobbies precisely so that you may screw things out of them.” However, despite the criticism, sales continued to soar and the book was talked about and reviewed as it rapidly became mainstream.
The theory that your sensory experience and thought process is formed in early childhood into cortical maps and neuronal circuits. But these are not fixed. They can be re-wired.
Neuroplasticity
The 4 Agreements (Don Miguel Ruiz, 1997
1) BE IMPECCABLE WITH YOUR WORD
2) DON’T TAKE ANYTHING PERSONALLY
3) DON’T MAKE ASSUMPTIONS
4) ALWAYS DO YOUR BEST
*Based on “Ancient Toltec Wisdom” from a thousand years ago.
Fixed Mindset vs. Growth Mindset
Fixed Mindset = intelligence is biologically set and unchanging
Growth Mindset = intelligence is changeable if you learn more
Those with growth mindset accomplish more in careers
1.) “Special Effects” are often abbreviated as…
2.) They are specifically..
1.) SFX, SPFX, or simply FX.
2.) illusions or visual tricks used in the film and television to simulate the imagined events in a story or virtual world.
Traditionally divided into the categories of…
Optical effects and mechanical effects.
*Distinction between special effects and visual effects (VFX) has grown, with the latter referring to digital post-production while “special effects” referring to mechanical and optical effects.
(SFX & VFX) Mechanical effects (also called practical or physical effects) are…
Usually accomplished during the live-action shooting.
*This includes the use of mechanized props, scenery, scale models, animatronics, pyrotechnics and atmospheric effects: creating physical wind, rain, fog, snow, clouds, making a car appear to drive by itself and blowing up a building, etc.
(SFX & VFX) Optical effects (also called photographic effects) are…
Techniques in which images or film frames are created photographically, either “in-camera” using multiple exposure, mattes or the Schüfftan process or in post-production using an optical printer.
An optical effect might be used to place actors or sets against a different background.
(SFX & VFX) What does the abbreviation for CGI mean?
Computer-Generated Imagery
*Many optical and mechanical effects techniques have been superseded by CGI.
(SFX & VFX) in 1895, Alfred Clark created the…
“Stop Trick” while filming an actor being beheaded.
*While filming a reenactment of the beheading of Mary, Queen of Scots, Clark instructed an actor to step up to the block in Mary’s costume. As the executioner brought the axe above his head, Clark stopped the camera, had all of the actors freeze, and had the person playing Mary step off the set. He placed a Mary dummy in the actor’s place, restarted filming, and allowed the executioner to bring the axe down, severing the dummy’s head. Techniques like these would dominate the production of special effects for a century.
Who else discovered the “Stop Trick,” but by accident?
Georges Méliès (often referred to as the “Cinemagician”).
*According to Méliès, his camera jammed while filming a street scene in Paris. When he screened the film, he found that the “stop trick” had caused a truck to turn into a hearse, pedestrians to change direction, and men to turn into women
(SFX & VFX)
1.) What was Méliès’ most famous film?
2.) What was it best known for in terms of Special Effects?
1.) Le Voyage dans la lune/ A Trip to the Moon (1902).
2.) Featured a combination of live action and animation, and also incorporated extensive miniature and matte painting work.
(SFX & VFX) What was one advanced technique that occurred during the 1920s-30s?
- Miniatures.
- Rear projection was a refinement of the use of painted backgrounds in the theater, substituting moving pictures to create moving backgrounds. As material science advanced, horror film maskmaking followed closely.
*Fritz Lang’s film Metropolis was an early special effects spectacular, with innovative use of miniatures, matte paintings, the Schüfftan process, and complex compositing.
During the Color era, color enabled
The development of such travelling matte techniques as bluescreen and the sodium vapour process.
*Forbidden Planet used matte paintings, animation, and miniature work to create spectacular alien environments.
*Ray Harryhausen extended the art of stop-motion animation with his special techniques of compositing to create spectacular fantasy adventures such as Jason and the Argonauts (whose climax, a sword battle with seven animated skeletons, is considered a landmark in special effects).
*In The Ten Commandments, Paramount’s John P. Fulton, A.S.C., multiplied the crowds of extras in the Exodus scenes with careful compositing, depicted the massive constructions of Rameses with models, and split the Red Sea in a still-impressive combination of travelling mattes and water tanks.
