Y10 Recall quiz questions Flashcards
1
Q
Which of the following is likely to be the last resort when treating heart disease
A
heart transplant
2
Q
Which tissue is found on the surface of leaves?
A
Epidermis
3
Q
Which tissue allows air spaces to exist inside the leaf?
A
Spongy mesophyll
4
Q
Which type of transport is carried out by the xylem?
A
Transpiration
5
Q
Which type of transport is carried out by the phloem?
A
Translocation
6
Q
What are the holes in the underside of a leaf called?
A
Stomata
7
Q
What is the function of the holes in the underside of a leaf?
A
Gas exchange
8
Q
What is the equation for magnification?
A
image size/actual size
9
Q
What is the objective lens?
A
a lens on a microscope that has three choices which you can swivel
10
Q
what is the rearranged equation for actual size?
A
image size/magnification
11
Q
mm to micrometres
A
x1000
12
Q
which two molecules move into an animal cell by diffusion?
A
oxygen glucose
13
Q
What factors affect the rate of diffusion?
A
temperature surface area concentration gradient
14
Q
What molecule moves by osmosis?
A
water
15
Q
What do bacterial cells reproduce?
A
binary fission
16
Q
how many new cells are made each time mitosis takes place?
A
2
17
Q
Which tissue carries out most of the photosynthesis in a leaf?
A
Palisade mesophyll
18
Q
Which tissue carries water and mineral ions?
A
Xylem
19
Q
Which tissue carries glucose and amino acids?
A
Phloem
20
Q
What are the holes on the underside of the leaf called?
A
stomata
21
Q
what is the function of the holes in the underside of the leaf?
A
gas exchange
22
Q
What gas is needed for photosynthesis to occur?
A
Carbon dioxide gas
23
Q
What gas is produced during photosynthesis?
A
oxygen gas
24
Q
Why do green plants and algae need to make their own food?
A
to provide energy for living, and they don’t eat so they need to make food for themselves
25
Why can only green plants and algae carry out photosynthesis?
Chloroplasts are needed for photosynthesis to occur
26
Do all plants cells have chloroplasts?
No, only the ones that receive light. E.g. Root hair cells have no chloroplasts.
27
Besides chloroplasts, what else is needed for photosynthesis?
carbon dioxide,water,light
28
What is made by plants during photosynthesis?
glucose and oxygen
29
What is glucose?
a sugar molecule
30
"Carbon dioxide + water 🡪 glucose + oxygen" is the word equation for which chemical reaction?
photosynthesis
31
Why isn't light in the equation for photosynthesis?
light isn't a chemical so it can't go in a chemical equation
32
Why is light needed during photosynthesis?
Light provides the energy to make the chemical reaction happen
33
A chemical that is used in a chemical reaction and is found on the left of the arrow is known as a _______
reactant
34
What is the waste product of photosynthesis?
oxygen
35
What is a molecule that the cell needed from the reaction known as?
useful product
36
What is the useful product of photosynthesis?
glucose
37
Which part of a plant does the most photosynthesis?
leaf cells
38
How is a leaf adapted to carry out photosynthesis?
It has a large surface area to trap sunlight and a good supply of water and carbon dioxide.
39
How does carbon dioxide get into leaves for photosynthesis?
Tiny holes in the underside of each leaf called stomata
40
What would happen to green plants if they couldn’t photosynthesise?
they would die as they would not have any way of getting an energy supply.
41
What would happen to other living things if no plants could photosynthesise?
Animals that eat plants would die as they would have no food to eat. Humans and other meat eating animals would then die too.
42
What would happen to the earth's atmosphere if plants didn't photosynthesise?
The level of carbon dioxide would rise, and the level of oxygen would fall.
43
What is the process that happens inside all living cells, to release energy from glucose?
respiration
44
Which of the following tissues contains stem cells?
Meristem
45
Why do living cells need to respire?
Living cells need an energy supply for all the processes they carry out (eg, chemical reactions, keeping warm and movement).
46
What would happen to a cell that stopped respiring?
Without the energy supply from respiration, the cell would die.
47
What are the two types of respiration?
Aerobic (with oxygen) and anaerobic (without oxygen)
48
What is the word equation for aerobic respiration?
Glucose + oxygen 🡪 carbon dioxide + water (plus energy is transferred
49
Where in a living cell does respiration take place?
Mitochondria
50
What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in muscles?
Glucose 🡪 lactic acid (plus energy is transferred)
51
What's the anaerobic respiration equation in plants/yeast?
Glucose 🡪 ethanol + carbon dioxide
52
What four microorganisms can spread communicable disease?
virus, protist, bacteria, fungus
53
Gonorrhoea and Salmonella are both types of?
bacteria
54
Malaria is caused by a?
protist
55
Rose Black Spot is caused by a?
fungus
56
Measles, HIV and TMV are all types of?
virus
57
What are the symptoms of measels?
red skin rash,fever
58
What are the symptoms of salmonella?
vomiting,diarrhoea
59
What are the symptoms of gonorrhoea?
green/yellow discarge,pain when urinating,fever
60
What are the symptoms of malaria?
Fever that comes and goes every few days
61
What drugs can be given by doctors if a person is ill with a bacterial infection?
Antibiotics
62
How do fungi reproduce inside our bodies?
They invade surface tissues of our bodies and grow by producing branched filaments called hyphae. They cause damage because they feed on our surface cells.
63
How do viruses reproduce inside our bodies?
They invade our body cells and make many copies of themselves. They cause damage when they burst out from our cells.
64
What do white blood cells produce when they are exposed to a bacterial infection that might help us start to feel better?
Antitoxins
65
What do white blood cells identify on the outside of a pathogen that helps them decide whether to destroy it or not?
Antigens
66
What do white blood cells produce when they are exposed to a pathogen that help us to become immune to it in future?
Antibodies
67
When new drugs or vaccines are being developed by scientists, what happens during the clinical trials?
Testing on humans
68
What is digitalis used for treating?
Treating heart disease
69
What is aspirin used for treating?
Reducing pain
70
What is penicillin used for treating?
Destroying bacteria
71
What is the definition of an organ?
A group of tissues working together to carry out a function
72
What is the name of the specially shaped part of an enzyme?
Active site
73
What do we say has happened to an enzyme if it loses it's special shape and can no longer work?
It has been denatured
74
The special shape of an enzyme can be altered by:
High temperature and extreme pH
75
What part of the digestive system comes after the stomach?
small intestine
76
What is the name of the acid found inside the stomach?
Hydrochloric acid
77
What does the enzyme amylase do?
Breaks down starch into sugars
78
What are the products of protein digestion?
amino acids
79
When carrying out the Benedict's reagent test for sugars, what would you need to do to the test tube after mixing Benedict's with the food sample? (2)
wait 5-10 minutes, heat it
80
When carrying out the Biuret test for protein, what colour change shows that protein is present in the food?
blue to lilac
81
When the heart muscle contracts, which organs of the body is blood sent to from the right ventricle?
Lungs
82
Which part of the blood carries dissolved carbon dioxide?
Plasma
83
What is a stem cell?
A cell that is not yet specialised
84
What does a vaccine contain?
dead or weakened pathogens
85
What is digitalis used for treating?
treating heart disease
86
What is aspirin used for treating?
reducing pain
87
What is penicillin used for treating?
destroying bacteria
88
what is the function of salivary glands?
moistens food
89
what are fatty acids used for?
to build cell membranes
90
how is the small intestine adapted for digestion?
has a very thin permeable membrane
91
what do proteins turn into once digested?
amino acids
92
what is the role of bile?
emulsifies fat
93
what is the function of proteases?
breaks down proteins into amino acids
94
where does lipase get produced?
pancreas
95
what is the function of the gall bladder?
stores bile
96
what is glucose used for in digestion?
respiration
97
what is the role of the stomach?
to mix food
98
What would happen to a cell that stopped respiring?
Without the energy supply from respiration, the cell would die.
99
What is a "double blind drugs trial" and why is it better if a drugs trial is carried out as a "double blind trial"?
The people in the trial are split into two groups. One group is given a placebo. The patients in the trial don’t know which they are given and nor do the doctors which avoids reporting bias.
100
What passes along a neurone?
an electrical impulse
100
Which TWO structures make up the central nervous system?
brain and spinal cord
101
Which TWO organs could be an effector?
skeletal muscle and gland
102
Which pathogen are children routinely vaccinated against in the UK?
measles
103
How does fungi reproduce inside our bodies?
They invade surface tissues of our bodies and grow by producing branched filaments called hyphae. They cause damage because they feed on our surface cells
104
Some people who think they have had Covid-19 can have an antibody test. This a good way of finding out if a person has had the disease but it can only be done a few weeks after the person has recovered from their illness. Why can't it be done when the person is ill?
The antibody level is lower when the person is first sick, so we want to wait for it to rise before testing
105
What are the advantages of a drugs trial being carried out as a "double blind trial"?
The conclusions are valid because the data is unbiased
106
Briefly describe the arrangement of xylem and phloem in the stem of a plant.
Organised in bundles, with xylem on the inside and phloem on the outside
107
When the heart muscle contracts, which organs of the body is blood sent to from the right ventricle?
lungs
108
Which part of the blood carries oxygen?
red blood cell
109
Which part of the blood carries dissolved carbon dioxide?
plasma
110
Which part of the blood causes clotting and scabbing when we are cut?
platelets
111
Which part of the blood is responsible for destroying pathogens such as bacteria and viruses?
white blood cell
112
Where in the lungs does gas exchange happen?
alveoli
113
Where does air enter the ventilation system?
trachea
114
Name the process of the transport of dissolved sugars in plants.
translocation
115
Which part of the plant allows gases to diffuse in and out of leaves?
stomata
116
Briefly explain an adaptation of spongy mesophyll tissue in plants.
Big air spaces and large surface area for efficient gas diffusion
117
Why is it important for the lungs to have a rich blood supply?
Maintain steep concentration gradient for efficient diffusion
118
Interleaving : State the functions of white blood cells.
Engulf pathogens, produce antibodies and antitoxins
119
What is the double circulatory system?
One part carries blood between heart and lungs; the other carries blood between heart and other organs
120
State a difference in the blood flowing in arteries and veins.
A: oxygenated, more nutrients, less wastes; V: deoxygenated, less nutrients, more wastes
