y10 mock Flashcards
how did japan leave the league?
a special assembly voted on the report in february 1933 where they voted for the withdrawal of japanese troops, japanese representatives walked out
why was the league reluctant to act?
-league did not want a fight
-japan was a powerful member of the league
-china and japan were far away
-many people felt japan were entitled to take control
-members of league couldn’t afford to send troops so far away
-many thought it was a good thing that japan was trying to introduce order
who did the league send to investigate manchuria and what happened?
lord lytton who took a year to write his report, by which time japan had already invaded manchuria
consequences of the manchurian crisis for the league
-showed it was failing as one of the league’s permanent members, ignored covenant and acted with aggression
-hitler and mussolini gained confidence that the league wouldn’t intervene if they invaded somewhere
-reluctantcy to impose sanctions showed league wouldn’t take action, appeared unbothered
- proved to be powerless since strong nations able to pursue aggressive acts against other countries without serious punishments
-appeared unbothered due to Lytton taking a year
- moral condemnation and economic sanctions didn’t work, Japan still traded with USA as they weren’t in the league
mukden incident
-18th september 1931, explosion on south manchurian railway
-japanese army claimed train attacked by chinese soldiers
-chinese denied and said soldiers had been asleep
-kwantung army used this as an excuse to take over manchuria
-people of japan openly celebrated but government wasn’t happy
-no choice but to go along with it
-1932 japan renamed manchuria to manchuko
why did japan want to invade manchuria?
-rich in fertile farming land
-already had a business in the form of a railway
-would divert public’s attention from problems at home
-opportunity to settle old scores with russia and china
-china weak and divided
-silk trade suffering from great depression
consequences of nazi-soviet pact?
-if war broke out, britain and france would have to fight germany without support of USSR
-pact made war inevitable
-soviet union invaded eastern half of poland, latvia, estonia and lithuania
-hitler could invade poland without fear about the soviet union, already knew Britain and France wouldn’t do anything due to Rhineland, Abyssinia
arguments against appeasement
-people misjudged hitler
-people missed opportunities to stop him
-more hitler was given, more confident he grew
-appeasement was morally wrong-left countries like austria occupied by nazis who mistreated people
-appeasement alienated USSR, so britain and france’s relationship strained with them
arguments for appeasement
-felt treaty had been too harsh, hitler could overturn parts
-didn’t want another war
-hitler’s action gave people what they wanted
-chamberlain greeted as a hero for avoiding war
-great depression meant britain and france couldn’t afford war
-no support from usa if war was to break out
-britain not ready to fight
LOUDER
lebensraum
overturn the T of V
unite german speaking people (volkdeutsche), including anshcluss
destroy communism
rearmament
why did hitler want to take part in the pact?
-to prevent a war on two fronts
-time to rearm
-gain new territory without having to fight
-guarantee when he invaded poland, ussr wouldn’t intefere (lebensraum)
-poland had been created from land taken from them
why did stalin want to take part in the pact?
-stalin lost trust in the league to protect the USSR
-felt distrusting and angry to france and britain after being excluded from the munich conference, needed a new ally
-wanted more time for russia to prepare for the war
-poland could act as a buffer to stop attacks from west
what was agreed in the nazi-soviet pact and when?
-august 1939
-germany and ussr agreed to not attack each other in a war, and to invade poland and share the land
-non-aggression pact, ruled out war between them for 10 years
-trade deals, germany would receive grain, raw materials and rubber, USSR receive industrial goods
who was the british prime minister and what was his main foreign policy?
neville chamberlain, appeasement
what was volksdeutsch?
german blood
hitler wanted to unite all german speaking people
what was lebensraum?
living space
Hitler wanted to expand germany into the east
what was anschluss?
unification of austria and germany
why did Hitler hate communism?
it had been invented by a Jewish man, Hitler felt that Jewry and communism were the same and were responsible for Germany’s problems
how did appeasement contribute to ww2?
-gave Hitler a false sense of security which he used to continue his aggressive foreign policy
-believed france and britain were weak so weren’t huge threats if he started a war
-it proved to Hitler that Britain and France were unable to say no to Hitler because they wanted to avoid war at all costs
-hitler kept pushing the boundaries
you’ve got this!
how did hitler’s foreign policy contribute to ww2?
-acquiring lebensraum required war, Hitler acknowledged this and prepared for war once he came to power
-demonstrated he had secretly been preparing in freedom to rearm rally
-rally march 1935, built an army of over 1 million men (overturned treaty of versailles, limited them to 100,000 men)
how did nazi-soviet pact contribute to war?
-made war inevitable
-hitler knew he could invade poland without fear of ussr
-wasn’t scared of britain and france as he had watched abyssinia and rhineland and how they had failed to take action
article 231
war guilt clause-germany had to accept blame for the war
how did Lloyd George feel about treaty?
-worried it was too harsh
-reduction of german navy was important for britian’s power at sea
-british trade would suffer if germany was too weak
-public wanted revenge so were satisfied but he privately feared it would lead to further conflict
wilson’s aims
-to end war by creating a league of nations
-to ensure germany was not destroyed
-public wanted a system of isolationism
-fair to germany and keep peace in europe
