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GCSE Religious Studies > Y10 Good and Evil > Flashcards

Y10 Good and Evil Flashcards

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1
Q

Give an example of Good…

A

People doing kind actions.

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2
Q

Give an example of Evil…

A

Murder.

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3
Q

Why is Evil a problem? (2)

A

Because it can cause harm and suffering to people. Also, people say if God is all loving, why does he allow evil to happen?

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4
Q

Give an example that shows there are different types of Evil:

A

Murder VS Pushing someone over.

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5
Q

What is the Creation Story about?

A

God created man and woman and they were punished for disobeying him.

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6
Q

Catholics believe we were all born with…

A

Original Sin which we inherited from Adam and Eve.

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7
Q

How is Original Sin a Moral Evil?How does it affect us?

A

Adam and Eve represent humanity and they used their free will to commit the sin. This affects us all because it represents all of us against God.

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8
Q

What is Original Sin?

A

An Augustine Christian Document that says everyone is born with original sin - we have a built in desire to do bad things.

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9
Q

How can people be cleared of Original Sin?

A

Through the sacrament of Baptism.

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10
Q

Give a quote from an important prayer that Jesus taught everyone to say as a community:

A

“Lead us not into temptation but deliver us from evil” Matthew 6:13.

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11
Q

Who is St Augustine of Hippo?

A

A saint who was also a christian philosopher.

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12
Q

What did St Augustine of Hippo believe?

A

The Bible shows that God is only good and God created a world pefectly good - free from pain, evil and suffering (they came from free-will).

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13
Q

Give a quote that supports St Augustine of Hippo:Explain it.

A

“God saw all that he made, and it was very good”(Genesis 1:31)God created GOOD things, Evil is not good. God didn’t create Evil.

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14
Q

How does St Augustine of Hippo believe moral evil was born?

A

The state of perfection was ruined by original sin and the delicate balance of the world was destroyed - it was because of free will.

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15
Q

Give an example of Natural Evil:

A

Tsunami.

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16
Q

Give an example of Moral Evil:

A

Terrorist Attacks.

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17
Q

What is the Inconsistent Triad?

A

It questions whether God is OMNI BENEVOLENT, POTENT and SCIENT.

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18
Q

People suffering and they don’t get a response from God. What do the people say? (Triad)

A
  • Maybe he doesn’t care = not all loving.- Maybe he can’t do anything = not omnipotent.- Maybe he doesn’t know about it = not all knowing.= Maybe he doesn’t exist.
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19
Q

The existence of evil and suffering challenges…

A

People’s beliefs about God and the beliefs come from their holy books = It challenges their whole religion.

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20
Q

Give 3 Christian responses to the Inconsistent Triad:

A

1) Suffering could be a punishment from God.2) A test of faith.3) God’s Plan.

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21
Q

What does it mean if God is represented by a circle?

A

He is eternal - no beginning and no end. He has always existed even before the universe was made.

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22
Q

Explain this BIBLE QUOTE about God:”I will be to the people of Israel like rain in a desert.”

A

The dessert is dry, to have water there is a blessing so God is a blessing to humans. God will look after people and all their needs.

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23
Q

Explain this BIBLE QUOTE about God:”I will comfort you in Jerusalem as a mother comforts her child.”

A

God is reffered to as the Father so we are like the children of God. He is all loving and wants to take care of his creation like a parent wants to take care of their child.

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24
Q

Explain this BIBLE QUOTE about God:”God is the King all over the world. Praise him with songs.”

A

He is powerful over his people like a King - he has authority over His creation and he is the ruler.

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25
Q

Explain this BIBLE QUOTE about God:” Like an evergreen tree I will shelter them. I am the source of all their blessings”

A

God is omni benevolent because he will look after his people - he is the source of all things in thw rold and he will be there to protect us from harm.

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26
Q

Explain this BIBLE QUOTE about God:”Just as a bird hovers over its nest to protect it’s young, so i the Lord almighty will protect Jerusalem and defend it.”

A

God will always be there to protect us - he is eternal and omni present similair to a parent.

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27
Q

How do Catholics think we should help people that are suffering? (3)

A
  • PRAY for those who are suffering, called Intercession.- SERVICE actively help in hospitals and help homeless.- CHARITY if we can’t actively help.
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28
Q

How do Humanists respond to evil and suffering?

A

They say we should live good lives without superstitious beliefs “Good without God.” Humans should take responsibility for the way they turn out - there is no such thing as God.

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29
Q

How do Hindus respond to evil and suffering?

A

Suffering is a result of our selfish desires - they believe in a re-birth based on Karma. They have a goal of MOKSHA = to be reunited with God from the world of pain.

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30
Q

How can Suffering be seen as Strength?Think of Job and Abraham…

A

In the Bible, good people like Job and Abraham were tested by God in severe ways to see if they still hold faith. Suffering is, therefore, a way of bringing us closer to God.

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31
Q

How can Suffering show us that Love is stronger than Death?Think of Jesus and St Paul…

A
  • The resurrection of Jesus is the sign that ultimate love leads to ultimate life.- St Paul tells us this when he says the most important things in life are “faith, hope and love”
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32
Q

Carrying the Cross means…In Matthew’s Gospel…

A
  • That we should help people who are suffering as sacrifice can sometimes bring love. - In Matthew’s gospel, Jesus told his disciples to take up their cross and follow him. This could mean facing persecution and suffering from others.
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33
Q

Give a quote that supports “Carrying the Cross” - helping people who are suffering:

A

“Greater love has no one than to lay down their lives for their friends” (John 15:13)

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34
Q

What is Salvation?

A

The idea that Jesus brings humans back to their relationship with God after they sinned and went against God.

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35
Q

Give an example of Salvation and Jesus:He responsded with..

A
  • Jesus faced cowardice, betrayal and injustice as people didn’t know he was God.- He responded with love and forgiveness “Father, forgive them: for they know not what they do.”
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36
Q

Significance of Jesus’ suffering and death:Explain this “And surely i am with you always, to the very end of time.”How does this change their life?

A

Jesus’ intense suffering gives Christians courage that God is with them through the worst times. It will give people courage if they are ill etc.

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37
Q

Significance of Jesus’ suffering and death:Explain this “Dying he destroyed our death, rising he restored our life” The Catechism.How does this change their life?

A

When we die, Heaven has been won for Christians because Christ has died, broken the power of death over them and has risen to new life. We can have eternal life too. Christians will follow the Bible so they can go to Heaven.

38
Q

Significance of Jesus’ suffering and death:Explain how Jesus is the Saviour of the World:How does this change their life?

A

Because he brought forgiveness and eternal life teaching people to strengthen our relationship with God. People will go to Church and spend their helping to stop suffering in the world.

39
Q

The idea of the Trinity is that…

A

There are 3 persons all of which are God. God the father, God the son and God the Holy Spirit.

40
Q

What is the Story of Job: (6)

A

1) God blessed Job with many sons and daughters,2) Job had 7,000 sheepm 3,000 camels, 500 donkeys, 500 oxens and lots of servants.3) God praised Job to Satan and Satan said Job wouldnt be like that if you took his blessings.4) Job’s house was broken down, his servants were killed and he was covered in boils.5) Job took his clothes off and shaved his head.6) He remained faithful to God and said “The Lord gives and the Lord can take away”

41
Q

Why is the Baptism of Jesus important?

A

Monk’s account of the baptism shows that Jesus is the son of God - God used this moment to give his son the special powers of the Holy Spirit.

42
Q

What does the Nicene Creed state?

A

“We believe in One God, the Father”“We believe in one Lord, Jesus Christ” (the son)”We believe in the Holy Spirit”

43
Q

3 Forms of God: Explain this Quote “The helper, the Holy Spirit, whom the Father will send in my name, will teach you everything and make you remember all that i have told you.”How is this relevant for Christians?

A

The Holy Spirit is always with Christians.The Holy Spirit for Christians is like a guide, it helps them during difficult times and tries to direct them in the right path.

44
Q

3 Forms of God: Explain this Quote “ We know that the son of God has come and has given us the understanding so that we know the true God.”How is this relevant for Christians?

A

Son = Jesus who sacrificed himselve to save us from our sins and to bring us closer to God, shows Christians that people must behave morally in their lives to know God.

45
Q

3 Forms of God: Explain this Quote “But now, O Lord, you are our Father we are the clay and you are our potter: we are all the work of your hand.”How is this relevant for Christians?

A

God has made us the way we are. Shows Christians that we are all part of God’s creation and we are viewed as God’s children.

46
Q

How does the Bible teach us about Jesus as Incarnate? (2) Think of John…

A

John “He gave the right to become children of God”Through Jesus, we have been given salvation.John “He himself was not the light; he came only as a witness to the light”John was a witness of Jesus who is the light of the world = Jesus is greater than John.

47
Q

What’s Pope John Paul 11’s response to evil in Salvific Doloris? (2) QUOTES.

A

“Suffering produces endurance” Leads to character and hope - a call to goodness.”Suffering, in fact, is always a trial”He calls on Catholics to respond with love and hope.

48
Q

What is the Sermon on the Mount?

A

A collection of the teachings of Jesus - all concerned with love of eachother, neighbours and enemies. A guide for living.

49
Q

Give an example of a teaching from Jesus in the Sermon on the Mount: (2 quotes.)

A

Don’t give to charity so you can boast “the love of money is the root of all evil”“Happy are those who do not show off”

50
Q

What is the golden rule from the Sermon on the Mount?

A

“Do to others what you would have them do to you”

51
Q

Who is Aquinas?

A

An important Christian Writer -believes the point of human life is to be with God. He made natural law.

52
Q

Summarise Natural Law:

A

It is based on the idea that God has made humans good and given them a natural law to help them do good and avoid evil.

53
Q

Give the five main rules of natural law:WORLD

A

W - worship God.O - ordered society.R - reproduce.L - learningD - defend the innocent.

54
Q

Give 3 strengths of Natural Law:

A
  • The Catechism says we should live by Natural Law.- It offers a universal moral code because most people believe in education people etc.- It provides clear rules and guidance and people need them to help them live as God requires.
55
Q

Give 3 weaknesses of Natural Law:

A

1) It suggests every human should get married and have kids, what about priests?2) Doesn’t allow people to make their own decisions - not everyone wants to reproduce.3) Doesn’t fit with life today, homosexuality and atheism are accepted life choices now.

56
Q

What do catholics teach about conscience as a source of moral authority? Give a quote.It is a way of…

A
  • “The conscience can be misled , that is why it must be formed with the help of the Holy Spirit and scripture.” - It is a way of God giving us moral guidance throughout lives - it is only given to us.
57
Q

Give 3 arguments in favour of using the conscience for making moral decisions:

A

1) It must be correctly formed first.2) Jesus’ teachings are 2000 years out of date and Natural Law is nearly 800 years old - follow your own voice.3) God is the voice of coinsciene.

58
Q

Give 3 arguments against using the conscience for making moral decisions:

A

1) life would become chaotic if people followed their mind and not Laws.2) Jesus is the most important source of moral authority - we should follow his example.3) People may be mistaken about the voice of god e.g. man who claimed god told him to kill prostitutes.

59
Q

What is Lourdes?

A

A town in France which is a leading place of pilgrimage for Roman Catholics after a peasant girl named Bernadette had visions of the Virgin Mary in 1858.

60
Q

Why is Bernadette important?

A

Because her visions were simple and focused on the need for prayer and penance.

61
Q

Give an important quote from St Bernadette:

A

25th Feb, vision told her to ‘drink of the water of the spring, to wash in it and to eat the herbs that grew there’ as an act of penance.

62
Q

Why is Lourdes a special place for catholics today?

A

Because people with worries are cured emotionally as they spend time united together through faith.

63
Q

Give 3 facts about Lourdes:

A

1) The sick and disabled are thought of first and are the centre of everyone’s attention.2) 6,000 visitors a year.3) Water is an important part - it is cleansing and purifying.

64
Q

How many times did Mary appear to Bernadette?

A

18.

65
Q

What is a Pilgrimage?

A

A journey people take to become closer to God.

66
Q

Why is pilgrimage important to Christians? (3)

A

1) Faith is strengthened as they are aware they are part of a worldwide fellow ship of Christians.2) It is a very personal experience.3) They go to pray for themselves or for people or to give thanks.

67
Q

Baptism…

A

Washes away original sin.

68
Q

Confirmation…

A

Gives people the fruits and gifts of the original sin.

69
Q

Mass…

A

Gives people a chance to receive absolution.

70
Q

Reconciliation…

A

Gives a chance for repentance.

71
Q

Anointing of the sick gives…

A

Gives people hope for the journey to heaven.

72
Q

Give a quote about the Anointing of the sick:

A

“Let them pray over him, anointing him with oil in the name of the Lord”

73
Q

What goes on in the Anointing of the Sick?

A

Put head and hand in oil - the power of prayer for healing, pray and say a blessing over the person.Person confesses sins and is forgiven.

74
Q

The grace of anointing of the sick: (2)

A

1) Takes away sins and the remains of sin.2) Raises up and strengthens the soul.

75
Q

When catholics pray the rosary, they are…

A

Remembering important events that happened in Mary and Jesus’ life. Starting from the immaculate conception through to his life and miracles and ends with his death and resurrection.

76
Q

How is the Rosary similarity to Votive candles (prayer candles.)?

A

Humans use physical things to express emotional and spiritual ideas - Catholics can have many personal devotions.

77
Q

Name the 4 sections that the Rosary Beads are split up into:

A

1) The Joyful Mysteries.2) The Luminous Mysteries.3) The Sorrowful Mysteries.4) The Glorious Mysteries.

78
Q

Name the 5 scenes from the Gospel in the Sorrowful Mysteries:

A

1) The Agony in the Garden.2) The Scourging of the Pilar.3) The Arrowing with Thorns.4) Carrying the Cross.5) The Crucifixion of Jesus.

79
Q

What makes up the Mysteries?

A

They are all based upon the gospels and the Scriptures. Each individual mystery has a passage of scripture that can be read and a set of prayers. It is a simple form of the Bible and the simple way of praying.

80
Q

Why do Catholics take their time when saying the Rosary?

A

To let the meaning sinking. Some Catholics find that saying the rosary quietly and prayfully can help bring peace of mind.

81
Q

How do the Sorrowful Mysteries link with evil and suffering?

A

They are all based upon the incarnation. Jesus goes through cruel suffering.

82
Q

Why do Catholics use statues and images? (3)

A

1) They show great respect and reverence to the person they represent.2) They can help provide focus and inspiration for prayer.3) To commemorate people and events such as Protestant churches who have nativity scenes at Christmas.

83
Q

Give 2 quotes that supports the use of statues and scriptures:

A

“The honour rendered to an image passed to its prototype”“Whoever venerates an image venerates the person portrayed in it”

84
Q

What does the DIVINE MERCY consist of? (2)

A
  • Jesus’ right hand is raised in a sign of blessing and the left hand is shown touching the garment near his breast.- 2 Large rays coming from his heart - red and white.
85
Q

Why is the Divine Mercy important for Christians?

A

It reminds them that God wishes to send his love from his own sacred heart to all in need.

86
Q

What is The SACRED HEART?

A

Statue of Jesus that usually features certain things.

87
Q

Give 3 examples of things that would feature in a SACRED HEART STATUE of Jesus:

A

1) Holes in his hands from where he was nailed to the cross.2) A flame coming from the heart as a symbol of the burning love that Jesus has for all.3) An expression of peace and love.

88
Q

For Catholics, the Sacred Heart statue…

A

Reflects the total self giving love that Jesus has for all people. It is also a symbol of Jesus’ suffering and death for the salvation of humanity.

89
Q

The most famous statue is…What does it show?

A

Is the famous statue - “The Pieta” made by Michelangelo and it stands in Rome. It shows Christ lying in the hands of his mother.

90
Q

Give 3 symbolic features of the Pieta (Statue of Mary and Christ)

A

1) Mary is shown as a young woman rather than her real age to show that she is pure and innocent.2) Jesus shows no marks or signs of suffering on his face he is calm, looks like he sleeping.3) It is in the shape of a triangle to show that Jesus is part of the Holy Trinity.

91
Q

What is the scene of the Pieta? (Statue of Mary&Jesus)

A

Scene of grief and suffering but it also shows hope and salvation through the resurrection of Jesus.

GCSE Religious Studies (9 decks)

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