Y10: coasts Flashcards
What are the 2 types of waves?
Constructive and Destructive
What is a constructive wave?
Builds up the coast with sediment, with a strong swash and weak backwash
What is a destructive wave?
Erodes sediment from the coast, with a weak swash and strong backwash
How is material transported along the coast?
Longshore Drift
What are the four processes of transportation?
Traction, Suspension, Saltation, Solution
Traction
Large particles pushed along the sea bed
Suspension
Small particles carried along in the water
Saltation
Small particles bounced along the sea bed
Solution
Soluble materials dissolving in the water
What is Deposition?
The dropping of material due to a loss of energy
How is a cave formed?
A lot of erosion occurring repeatedly
How is an arch formed?
Erosion deepening a cave, until it breaks through the headland
How is a stack formed?
The collapsing of an arch (due to erosion)
What process creates beaches?
Deposition
What wave type creates a beach?
Constructive wave
How are spits formed?
Long shore drift
Bar
A feature that is formed when a spit joins two headlands together
What forms behind a bar?
A Lagoon
How are sand dunes formed?
When sand is deposited by longshore drift, which is moved up to the beach by wind.
Name one material that stabilises a sand dune
Litter, Dead animals, Plant roots
In what location is all of the Coasts case studies set?
Dorset
Hard Engineering
Man-made structures to reduce flooding/erosion
Soft Engineering
Schemes set up using knowledge of the sea to reduce flooding/erosion
Name one example of a Hard Engineering strategy.
Sea Walls, Gabions, Rock Armour, Groynes
