Y1: Muscles Flashcards
Action
Sternocleidomastoid
Unilateral: ipsilateral rotation and contralateral flexion of head and neck. Bilateral: flexion of neck
Action
Trapezius
Upper fibers: elevates and upwardly rotates scapula. Middle fibers: retract scapula. Lower fibers: depresses and upwardly rotates scapula
Action
Levator scapulae
Elevates and downwardly rotates scapula, helps extend neck
Action
Splenius capitis
Unilateral: ipsilateral rotation and lateral flexion of head and neck. Bilateral: extension of head and neck
Action
Longus colli
Flexes and laterally flexes neck
Action
Diaphragm
Increases volume of thoracic cavity by flattening and descending, allowing for inspiration
Action
Intercostal muscles
External intercostals: elevates ribs during inspiration. Internal intercostals: depresses ribs during forced expiration
Action
Pectoralis major
Flexes, adducts, and medially rotates arm
Action
Pectoralis minor
Depresses and protracts scapula, elevates ribs during forced inspiration
Action
Serratus anterior
Protracts and rotates scapula upward, stabilizes scapula against chest wall
Action
Quadriceps femoris
Extends knee joint
Action
Adductor muscles
Adducts
Action
Trapezius
Elevates, retracts, depresses, and rotates scapula, extends neck
Action
Latissimus dorsi
Adducts, extends, and internally rotates arm
Action
Rhomboids
Retracts and elevates scapula, rotates scapula downward
Action
Erector spinae
Extends and laterally flexes vertebral column, controls spinal posture
Action
Rectus abdominis
Flexes trunk, compresses abdominal contents
Action
External oblique
Compresses abdominal contents, flexes and rotates trunk
Action
Internal oblique
Compresses abdominal contents, flexes and rotates trunk
Action
Transversus abdominis
Compresses abdominal contents
Action
Deltoid
Abducts arm at shoulder joint, helps flex and extend arm
Action
Biceps brachii
Flexes elbow joint, supinates forearm, and helps flex shoulder joint
Action
Triceps brachii
Extends elbow joint, helps extend and adduct arm
Action
Brachialis
Flexes elbow joint
Action
Brachioradialis
Flexes elbow joint when forearm is in mid-pronation or supination
Action
Flexor carpi radialis
Flexes wrist joint and abducts hand
Action
Flexor carpi ulnaris
Flexes wrist joint and adducts hand
Action
Extensor carpi radialis
Extends wrist joint and abducts hand
Action
Extensor carpi ulnaris
Extends wrist joint and adducts hand
Action
Gluteus maximus
Extends thigh at hip joint
Action
Quadriceps femoris
Extends knee joint and helps flex hip joint
Action
Hamstrings
Flexes knee joint and extends hip joint
Action
Gastrocnemius
Plantar flexes foot at ankle joint
Action
Soleus
Plantar flexes foot at ankle joint
Action
Tibialis anterior
Dorsiflexes foot at ankle joint and inverts foot
Action
Peroneus longus
Plantar flexes foot at ankle joint and everts foot
Action
Extensor digitorum longus
Extends toes 2-5 and dorsiflexes foot at ankle joint
Action
Flexor digitorum longus
Flexes toes 2-5 and plantar flexes foot at ankle joint
Action
Deltoid
Abducts arm at shoulder joint, helps flex and extend arm
Action
Biceps brachii
Flexes elbow joint, supinates forearm, and helps flex shoulder joint
Action
Triceps brachii
Extends elbow joint, helps extend and adduct arm
Action
Brachialis
Flexes elbow joint
Action
Brachioradialis
Flexes elbow joint when forearm is in mid-pronation or supination
Action
Flexor carpi radialis
Flexes wrist joint and abducts hand
Action
Flexor carpi ulnaris
Flexes wrist joint and adducts hand
Action
Extensor carpi radialis
Extends wrist joint and abducts hand
Action
Extensor carpi ulnaris
Extends wrist joint and adducts hand
Compartment
Biceps brachii
Anterior compartment of arm
Compartment
Triceps brachii
Posterior compartment of arm
Compartment
Brachialis
Anterior compartment of arm
Compartment
Brachioradialis
Anterior compartment of forearm
Compartment
Flexor carpi radialis
Anterior compartment of forearm
Compartment
Flexor carpi ulnaris
Anterior compartment of forearm
Compartment
Flexor digitorum profundus
Anterior compartment of forearm
Compartment
Flexor digitorum superficialis
Anterior compartment of forearm
Compartment
Flexor pollicis longus
Anterior compartment of forearm
Compartment
Pronator teres
Anterior compartment of forearm
Compartment
Extensor carpi radialis brevis
Posterior compartment of forearm
Compartment
Extensor carpi radialis longus
Posterior compartment of forearm
Compartment
Extensor carpi ulnaris
Posterior compartment of forearm
Compartment
Extensor digitorum
Posterior compartment of forearm
Compartment
Extensor digiti minimi
Posterior compartment of forearm
Compartment
Extensor indicis
Posterior compartment of forearm
Compartment
Supinator
Posterior compartment of forearm
Compartment
Abductor pollicis brevis
Thenar compartment of hand
Compartment
Adductor pollicis
Hypothenar compartment of hand
Compartment
Opponens pollicis
Thenar compartment of hand
Compartment
Palmaris brevis
Hypothenar compartment of hand
Compartment
Flexor pollicis brevis
Thenar compartment of hand
Compartment
Lumbricals
Palmar interosseous compartment and dorsal interosseous compartment of hand
Compartment
Quadriceps femoris
Anterior compartment of thigh
Compartment
Sartorius
Anterior compartment of thigh
Compartment
Hamstrings
Posterior compartment of thigh
Compartment
Adductors
Medial compartment of thigh
Compartment
Gluteus maximus
Gluteal compartment
Compartment
Gluteus medius
Gluteal compartment
Compartment
Gluteus minimus
Gluteal compartment
Compartment
Iliopsoas
Iliopsoas compartment
Compartment
Piriformis
Pelvic compartment
Compartment
Obturator internus
Pelvic compartment
Compartment
Levator ani
Pelvic compartment
Compartment
Coccygeus
Pelvic compartment
Compartment
Rectus abdominis
Anterior compartment of abdomen
Compartment
External oblique
Anterolateral compartment of abdomen
Compartment
Internal oblique
Posterolateral compartment of abdomen
Compartment
Transversus abdominis
Deepest layer of lateral abdominal muscles
Compartment
Pectoralis major
Anterior compartment of thorax
Compartment
Pectoralis minor
Anterior compartment of thorax
Compartment
Intercostal muscles
Thoracic compartment
Compartment
Diaphragm
Thoracic compartment
Compartment
Sternocleidomastoid
Anterior compartment of neck
Compartment
Trapezius
Posterior compartment of neck
Compartment
Levator scapulae
Posterior compartment of neck
Compartment
Splenius capitis
Posterior compartment of neck
Compartment
Longus colli
Anterior compartment of neck
Shape
Sternocleidomastoid
Bifurcated bipennate
Shape
Trapezius
Triangular multipennate
Shape
Levator scapulae
Fan-shaped multipennate
Shape
Splenius capitis
Broad flat bipennate
Shape
Longus colli
Strap-shaped
Shape
Diaphragm
Dome-shaped
Shape
Intercostal muscles
External intercostals: superficial layer of multipennate fibers. Internal intercostals: deep layer of multipennate fibers
Shape
Pectoralis major
Convergent
Shape
Pectoralis minor
Triangular
Shape
Serratus anterior
Multipennate
Shape
Quadriceps femoris
Multipennate
Shape
Hamstrings
Biceps femoris: flexes knee joint, laterally rotates leg. Semitendinosus and semimembranosus: flex knee joint, extend hip joint, medially rotate leg
Shape
Adductor muscles
Convergent
Shape
Trapezius
Triangular, Multipennate
Shape
Latissimus dorsi
Multipennate
Shape
Rhomboids
Quadrilateral
Shape
Erector spinae
Multipennate
Shape
Rectus abdominis
Strap-like, Fusiform
Shape
External oblique
Convergent, Fusiform
Shape
Internal oblique
Convergent, Fusiform
Shape
Transversus abdominis
Transverse, Fusiform
Shape
Deltoid
Multipennate
Shape
Biceps brachii
Fusiform
Shape
Triceps brachii
Multipennate
Shape
Brachialis
Fusiform
Shape
Brachioradialis
Fusiform
Shape
Flexor carpi radialis
Fusiform
Shape
Flexor carpi ulnaris
Fusiform
Shape
Extensor carpi radialis
Fusiform
Shape
Extensor carpi ulnaris
Fusiform
Shape
Gluteus maximus
Convergent
Shape
Quadriceps femoris
Multipennate
Shape
Hamstrings
Fusiform
Shape
Gastrocnemius
Fusiform
Shape
Soleus
Flat
Shape
Tibialis anterior
Fusiform
Shape
Peroneus longus
Fusiform
Shape
Extensor digitorum longus
Unipennate
Shape
Flexor digitorum longus
Multipennate
Shape
Deltoid
Multipennate
Shape
Biceps brachii
Fusiform
Shape
Triceps brachii
Multipennate
Shape
Brachialis
Fusiform
Shape
Brachioradialis
Fusiform
Shape
Flexor carpi radialis
Fusiform
Shape
Flexor carpi ulnaris
Fusiform
Shape
Extensor carpi radialis
Fusiform
Shape
Extensor carpi ulnaris
Fusiform
Insertion
Sternocleidomastoid
Mastoid process of temporal bone and superior nuchal line of occipital bone
Insertion
Trapezius
Lateral third of clavicle, acromion, and spine of scapula
Insertion
Levator scapulae
Medial border of scapula, superior to spine
Insertion
Splenius capitis
Mastoid process and occipital bone
Insertion
Longus colli
Anterior tubercles of C1-C3, bodies of C5-T3
Insertion
Diaphragm
Central tendon of diaphragm
Insertion
Intercostal muscles
External intercostals: superior border of rib below. Internal intercostals: inferior border of rib above
Insertion
Pectoralis major
Lateral lip of intertubercular sulcus of humerus
Insertion
Pectoralis minor
Coracoid process of scapula
Insertion
Serratus anterior
Medial border of scapula
Insertion
Quadriceps femoris
Tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament
Insertion
Hamstrings
Head of fibula (biceps femoris), medial surface of tibia (semimembranosus and semitendinosus)
Insertion
Adductor muscles
Linea aspera and adductor tubercle of femur
Insertion
Trapezius
Acromion and spine of scapula, lateral third of clavicle
Insertion
Latissimus dorsi
Intertubercular groove of humerus
Insertion
Rhomboids
Medial border of scapula
Insertion
Erector spinae
Spinous processes and transverse processes of more superior vertebrae
Insertion
Rectus abdominis
Xiphoid process and costal cartilages of ribs 5-7
Insertion
External oblique
Anterior half of iliac crest, pubic tubercle, and linea alba
Insertion
Internal oblique
Inferior borders of ribs 10-12, linea alba, pubis
Insertion
Transversus abdominis
Linea alba and pubic crest
Insertion
Deltoid
Deltoid tuberosity of humerus
Insertion
Biceps brachii
Radial tuberosity
Insertion
Triceps brachii
Olecranon process of ulna
Insertion
Brachialis
Coronoid process of ulna
Insertion
Brachioradialis
Styloid process of radius
Insertion
Flexor carpi radialis
Second and third metacarpal bones
Insertion
Flexor carpi ulnaris
Pisiform, hamate, and base of fifth metacarpal bone
Insertion
Extensor carpi radialis
Base of second and third metacarpal bones
Insertion
Extensor carpi ulnaris
Base of fifth metacarpal bone and dorsal aspect of base of the third metacarpal bone
Insertion
Gluteus maximus
Gluteal tuberosity of femur and iliotibial tract
Insertion
Quadriceps femoris
Tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament
Insertion
Hamstrings
Biceps femoris: head of fibula. Semitendinosus: medial surface of upper tibia. Semimembranosus: posterior surface of medial condyle of tibia.
Insertion
Gastrocnemius
Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
Insertion
Soleus
Calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
Insertion
Tibialis anterior
First cuneiform and first metatarsal bone
Insertion
Peroneus longus
First metatarsal and medial cuneiform
Insertion
Extensor digitorum longus
Middle and distal phalanges of toes 2-5
Insertion
Flexor digitorum longus
Distal phalanges of toes 2-5
Insertion
Deltoid
Deltoid tuberosity of humerus
Insertion
Biceps brachii
Radial tuberosity
Insertion
Triceps brachii
Olecranon process of ulna
Insertion
Brachialis
Coronoid process of ulna
Insertion
Brachioradialis
Styloid process of radius
Insertion
Flexor carpi radialis
Second and third metacarpal bones
Insertion
Flexor carpi ulnaris
Pisiform, hamate, and base of fifth metacarpal bone
Insertion
Extensor carpi radialis
Base of second and third metacarpal bones
Insertion
Extensor carpi ulnaris
Base of fifth metacarpal bone and dorsal aspect of base of the third metacarpal bone
Origins
Sternocleidomastoid
Sternum and medial clavicle
Origins
Trapezius
Occipital bone, ligamentum nuchae, and spinous processes of C7-T12
Origins
Levator scapulae
Transverse processes of C1-C4
Origins
Splenius capitis
Ligamentum nuchae, spinous processes of C7-T4
Origins
Longus colli
Bodies of C3-T3
Origins
Diaphragm
Inferior borders of ribs, xiphoid process, and lumbar vertebrae
Origins
Intercostal muscles
External intercostals: inferior border of rib above. Internal intercostals: superior border of rib below
Origins
Pectoralis major
Clavicle, sternum, and costal cartilages of ribs 1-6
Origins
Pectoralis minor
Anterior surfaces of ribs 3-5
Origins
Serratus anterior
Lateral surfaces of ribs 1-8
Origins
Quadriceps femoris
Rectus femoris: anterior inferior iliac spine. Vastus lateralis: greater trochanter, linea aspera, and lateral supracondylar line. Vastus medialis: medial lip of linea aspera and intertrochanteric line. Vastus intermedius: anterior and lateral surfaces of femur
Origins
Hamstrings
Biceps femoris: long head - ischial tuberosity, short head - linea aspera. Semitendinosus: ischial tuberosity. Semimembranosus: ischial tuberosity
Origins
Adductor muscles
Adductor longus: body of pubis. Adductor brevis: inferior pubic ramus. Adductor magnus: ischial tuberosity and inferior pubic ramus
Origins
Trapezius
Occipital bone, ligamentum nuchae, spinous processes of C7-T12
Origins
Latissimus dorsi
Spinous processes of lower thoracic and all lumbar vertebrae, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, and lower three ribs
Origins
Rhomboids
Spinous processes of C7-T5
Origins
Erector spinae
Spinous processes of sacrum, lumbar, and thoracic vertebrae, and iliac crest
Origins
Rectus abdominis
Pubic crest and symphysis
Origins
External oblique
External surfaces of ribs 5-12
Origins
Internal oblique
Thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, and lateral half of inguinal ligament
Origins
Transversus abdominis
Thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, and lateral half of inguinal ligament
Origins
Deltoid
Lateral third of clavicle, acromion and spine of scapula
Origins
Biceps brachii
Short head: coracoid process of scapula. Long head: supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
Origins
Triceps brachii
Long head: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula. Lateral head: posterior shaft of humerus. Medial head: posterior shaft of humerus, distal to radial groove.
Origins
Brachialis
Distal half of anterior surface of humerus
Origins
Brachioradialis
Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus, lateral epicondyle of humerus
Origins
Flexor carpi radialis
Medial epicondyle of humerus
Origins
Flexor carpi ulnaris
Medial epicondyle of humerus, olecranon process and posterior border of ulna
Origins
Extensor carpi radialis
Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
Origins
Extensor carpi ulnaris
Lateral epicondyle of humerus, posterior border of ulna
Origins
Gluteus maximus
Posterior ilium, sacrum, and coccyx
Origins
Quadriceps femoris
Rectus femoris: anterior inferior iliac spine. Vastus lateralis: greater trochanter, linea aspera, and lateral supracondylar ridge of femur. Vastus medialis: intertrochanteric line, linea aspera, and medial supracondylar ridge of femur. Vastus intermedius: anterior and lateral shaft of femur.
Origins
Hamstrings
Biceps femoris: ischial tuberosity (long head) and linea aspera (short head). Semitendinosus: ischial tuberosity. Semimembranosus: ischial tuberosity.
Origins
Gastrocnemius
Lateral head: lateral condyle of femur. Medial head: medial condyle of femur.
Origins
Soleus
Head and shaft of fibula, head of tibia
Origins
Tibialis anterior
Lateral condyle and lateral surface of tibia
Origins
Peroneus longus
Head and shaft of fibula
Origins
Extensor digitorum longus
Lateral condyle of tibia, proximal 3/4 of fibula, interosseous membrane
Origins
Flexor digitorum longus
Posterior surface of tibia
Origins
Deltoid
Lateral third of clavicle, acromion and spine of scapula
Origins
Biceps brachii
Short head: coracoid process of scapula. Long head: supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
Origins
Triceps brachii
Long head: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula. Lateral head: posterior shaft of humerus. Medial head: posterior shaft of humerus, distal to radial groove.
Origins
Brachialis
Distal half of anterior surface of humerus
Origins
Brachioradialis
Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus, lateral epicondyle of humerus
Origins
Flexor carpi radialis
Medial epicondyle of humerus
Origins
Flexor carpi ulnaris
Medial epicondyle of humerus, olecranon process and posterior border of ulna
Origins
Extensor carpi radialis
Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
Origins
Extensor carpi ulnaris
Lateral epicondyle of humerus, posterior border of ulna
Innervation
Sternocleidomastoid
Spinal accessory nerve (CN XI), branches of cervical nerves (C2-C3)
Innervation
Trapezius
Spinal accessory nerve (CN XI), cervical spinal nerves (C3-C4)
Innervation
Levator scapulae
Dorsal scapular nerve (C3-C4)
Innervation
Splenius capitis
Dorsal rami of cervical spinal nerves
Innervation
Longus colli
Anterior rami of cervical spinal nerves
Innervation
Diaphragm
Phrenic nerve (C3-C5)
Innervation
Intercostal muscles
Intercostal nerves
Innervation
Pectoralis major
Medial and lateral pectoral nerves (C5-T1)
Innervation
Pectoralis minor
Medial pectoral nerve (C8-T1)
Innervation
Serratus anterior
Long thoracic nerve (C5-C7)
Innervation
Quadriceps femoris
Femoral nerve (L2-L4)
Innervation
Hamstrings
Tibial nerve (L5-S2), common fibular nerve (L5-S2)
Innervation
Adductor muscles
Obturator nerve (L2-L4) and sciatic nerve (L4-S3)
Innervation
Trapezius
Accessory nerve (CN XI), spinal nerves (C3-C4)
Innervation
Latissimus dorsi
Thoracodorsal nerve (C6-C8)
Innervation
Rhomboids
Dorsal scapular nerve (C4-C5)
Innervation
Erector spinae
Spinal nerves
Innervation
Rectus abdominis
Thoracoabdominal nerves (T7-T12)
Innervation
External oblique
Thoracoabdominal nerves (T7-T12)
Innervation
Internal oblique
Thoracoabdominal nerves (T7-T12)
Innervation
Transversus abdominis
Thoracoabdominal nerves (T7-T12)
Innervation
Deltoid
Axillary nerve (C5, C6)
Innervation
Biceps brachii
Musculocutaneous nerve (C5, C6, C7)
Innervation
Triceps brachii
Radial nerve (C7, C8)
Innervation
Brachialis
Musculocutaneous nerve (C5, C6, C7)
Innervation
Brachioradialis
Radial nerve (C5, C6)
Innervation
Flexor carpi radialis
Median nerve (C6, C7, C8)
Innervation
Flexor carpi ulnaris
Ulnar nerve (C7, C8)
Innervation
Extensor carpi radialis
Radial nerve (C6, C7)
Innervation
Extensor carpi ulnaris
Radial nerve (C7, C8)
Innervation
Gluteus maximus
Inferior gluteal nerve (L5, S1, S2)
Innervation
Quadriceps femoris
Femoral nerve (L2, L3, L4)
Innervation
Hamstrings
Tibial division of sciatic nerve (L5, S1, S2)
Innervation
Gastrocnemius
Tibial nerve (S1, S2)
Innervation
Soleus
Tibial nerve (S1, S2)
Innervation
Tibialis anterior
Deep peroneal nerve (L4, L5)
Innervation
Peroneus longus
Superficial peroneal nerve (L5, S1)
Innervation
Extensor digitorum longus
Deep peroneal nerve (L4, L5)
Innervation
Flexor digitorum longus
Tibial nerve (S2, S3)
Innervation
Deltoid
Axillary nerve (C5, C6)
Innervation
Biceps brachii
Musculocutaneous nerve (C5, C6, C7)
Innervation
Triceps brachii
Radial nerve (C7, C8)
Innervation
Brachialis
Musculocutaneous nerve (C5, C6, C7)
Innervation
Brachioradialis
Radial nerve (C5, C6)
Innervation
Flexor carpi radialis
Median nerve (C6, C7, C8)
Innervation
Flexor carpi ulnaris
Ulnar nerve (C7, C8)
Innervation
Extensor carpi radialis
Radial nerve (C6, C7)
Innervation
Extensor carpi ulnaris
Radial nerve (C7, C8)