XIII - SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

Question 1

What are the problems brought by development?

Answer 1

1) unfavourable climate changes and natural disasters;
2) wars and political and socio-economic instability.

Question 2

According to Klarin (2018), they are the ones who have negatively impacted on the environment, endangering the survival of the Earth and the future generations.

Answer 2

Humans

Question 3

There must be a balance among the three pillars of sustainability (Klarin, 2018).

Answer 3

Triple Bottom Line Concept of SD

Question 4

What are the three pillars of sustainability? (ESE)

Answer 4

Environmental Sustainability
Social Sustainability
Economic Sustainability

Question 5

It is focused on maintaining the quality of the environment which is necessary for conducting the economic activities and quality of life of people (Klarin, 2018).

Answer 5

Environmental sustainability

Question 6

strives to ensure human rights and equality, preservation of cultural identity, respect for cultural diversity, race and religion (Klarin, 2018).

Answer 6

Social sustainability

Question 7

It is necessary to maintain the natural, social and human capital required for income and living standards. (Klarin, 2018).

Answer 7

Economic sustainability

Question 8

• Emphasize that there is no contradiction between sustainability and development
• There is no development without sustainability or sustainability without development

Answer 8

Neoclassical economists

Question 9

excellent tool for marginalization during the period of colonialism and imperialism

(ipe)

Answer 9

infrastructure development
political power
economic policy

Question 10

What is development according to the classical theories?

Answer 10

development is driven by the transformation of traditional agriculture into modern industrialized production of various products and services, i.e. shifting from the traditional society to the stage of maturity and high consumption

Economic growth is a synonym for development

Question 11

What is development according to the Neoliberal and modern development theories?

Answer 11

Development is a process whose output aims to improve the quality of life and increase the self-sufficient capacity of economies that are technically
more complex and depend on global integration

Question 12

What are the Various Concepts of Development?

(shdd)

Answer 12

1) as structural transformation,
2) as human development
3) as development of democracy and
governance, and
4) as development as environmental
sustainability (Vázquez & Sumner as cited
by Klarin, 2018).

Question 13

It is a process of targeted change,
which includes goals and resources to achieve these goals(Lele as cited by Klarin, 2018)

Answer 13

Development

Question 14

What is the most acknowledged development indicator?

Answer 14

Human Development Index (HDI)

Question 15

integrates different categories of socio-cultural, economic, ecological and political development of particular areas

Answer 15

Human Development Index (HDI)

Question 16

A capacity to maintain some entity, outcome, or process over time and carrying out activities that do not exhaust the resources on which that capacity depends

Answer 16

Sustainability

Question 17

The term sustainable development was originally introduced in what field?

Answer 17

Forestry

Question 18

In what way did consumerism and economic growth put
pressure on environment?

Answer 18

consequences of polluted and inadequate living space, poverty and illness

Question 19

What are the basic causes of environmental pollution? (ano)

Answer 19

1) Anthropogenic causes of environmental pollution (economic growth, technical and technological development, industrial development, development of traffic and transport infrastructure, population growth and urbanization and mass tourism)

2) Natural causes of environmental pollution (soil erosion, floods, earthquakes, volcano eruptions, fires, droughts and winds)

3) Other causes of environmental pollution (wars, insufficient ecological consciousness, imbalance between development and natural ecosystems and limited scientific, material, organizational and technological opportunities
of society).

Question 20

What are the consequences of the factors that have been warning about the sustainability of the planet? (vegn)

Answer 20

1. various ecological problems,
2. ecosystem disturbances,
3. global climate change,
4. natural catastrophes, hunger and poverty, and many other negative consequences

Question 21

It refers to a development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs (WCED, 1987)

Answer 21

Sustainable Development

Question 22

It is a programme that changes the economic development process to ensure the basic quality of life, protecting valuable ecosystems and other communities at the same time. (Vander-Merwe & Van-der-Merwe, 1999)

Answer 22

Sustainable Development

Question 23

is a development that protects the
environment, because a sustainable
environment enables sustainable development. (Duran et al., 2015)

Answer 23

Sustainable Development

Question 24

What are the 17 Sustainable Development Goals

Answer 24

no poverty
zero hunger
good health and well-being
quality education
gender equality
clean water and sanitation
affordable and clean energy
decent work and economic growth
industry, innovation and infrastructure
reduced inequalities
sustainable cities and communities
responsible consumption and production
climate action
life below water
life on land
peace, justice and strong institutions
partnership for the goals