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4-11 Chapters Core Exam > X-Ray Production > Flashcards

X-Ray Production Flashcards

1
Q

Four essential requirements for the production of X-Rays:

A

Vacuuum,A Source of Electrons,Target,and High Potential Difference

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2
Q

Formation of the basic structures of the X-Ray tube :

A

Pyrex Glass Envelope

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3
Q

The source of electrons:

A

FIlament

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4
Q

The filament consist of a small coil of:

A

Tungsten wire

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5
Q

The electron cloud is called:

A

Space charge

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6
Q

Electrons in the outermost orbital shell move so far from the nucleus that they are no longer held in orbit but are flung out of the atom,forming:

A

An Electron Cloud

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7
Q

Electrons in the outermost orbital shell move so far from the nucleus that they are no longer held in orbit but are flung out of the atom,forming an electron cloud around the filament,This process is called:

A

Thermionic Emission

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8
Q

A large Step-Up Transformer supplies:

A

The Voltage

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9
Q

The filament end of the target is:

A

Negative

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10
Q

The target end is ______ during an exposure:

A

Positive

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11
Q

The high positive electric potential at the target attracts the negatively charged electrons of the space charge,which move rapidly across the tube,forming:

A

An Electron Stream

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12
Q

Great majority of kinetic energy is converted into:

A

Heat

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13
Q

Created when an incoming electron is suddenly slowed down,changes directions ,and leaves the tungsten atom.This kinetic energy of the electron is converted into an X-Ray photon:

A

Bremsstrahlung Radiation

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14
Q

Created when an incoming electron interacts with the K-Shell electron and knocks it out of orbit.When the electron void is filled with an outer shell electron,an x-ray photon is created

A

Characteristic Radiation

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15
Q

Bremsstrahlung is a German word that means:

A

Braking or slowing

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16
Q

The wave length and energy of the X-Ray beam is said to be:

A

Heterogenous

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17
Q

Each filament is situated in a hollow area in the cathode called:

A

A Focusing Cup

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18
Q

The shape of the focusing cup and its negative electric charge cause the electrons to be repelled in the direction of a very precise area on the target called:

A

The Focal Spot

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19
Q

Focal Spot size ACTUAL

A

Affects tube heat capacity
Bigger is better
Measure of FS on target surface

20
Q

Focal Spot size EFFECTIVE

A

Affects image resolution
Smaller is better
Measurement of vertical projection of actual focal spot

21
Q

The small filament and focal spot provide much better

A

Spatial Resolution

22
Q

The small focal spot should be used for most body parts on small-to-average-size patients to obtain:

A

The best resolution

23
Q

Small focal spot exposure factors:

A

kVp,mA, and Exposure Time will be low to moderate

24
Q

Large filament provides more _____ and strikes a larger _____:

A

Electrons,Target area

25
Q

An electromagnetic induction motor is used to :

A

Rotate the anode

26
Q

The tungsten focal area all around the beveled edge of the rotating anode is called:

A

A Focal Track

27
Q

The slant of the anode surface is called:

A

A target angle

28
Q

X-Ray tube target angles are between _______,with ____ being most common

A

7 to 17,and 12

29
Q

The target angle affects the tubes:

A

Heat Capacity,the sharpness of the radiographic image and the maximum side of X-ray beam

30
Q

The area on the target surface that is struck by the electron stream

A

Actual Focal Spot

31
Q

Refers to the vertical projection of the actual spot onto the patient and image receptor

A

Effective Focal Spot

32
Q

Size of the effective focal spot influences resolution in the image:

A

Line Focus Principle

33
Q

Effective focal spot is always _____ than Actual focal spot:

A

Smaller

34
Q

The size of the effective focal spot determines:

A

Image resolution

35
Q

The relative size of the effective focal spot is determined by:

A

Target Angle

36
Q

Greater radiation intensity toward the cathode end of the field and place thinner portion of the body part toward anode end of tube:

A

Anode Heel Effect

37
Q

Increasing mA,

A

Increases FIlament heat

38
Q

Decreasing mA,

A

Decreases FIlament heat

39
Q

High mA produce,:

A

More X-rays

40
Q

Low mA produce,:

A

Fewer X-ray

41
Q

Refers to the length time that the X-rays are turned on:

A

Exposure Time

42
Q

Process of removing the long wavelength photons from the x-ray beam:

A

FIltration

43
Q

The primary purpose of filtration:

A

To reduced patient dose

44
Q

The material commonly used to filter the X-ray beam is aluminum:

A

Added Filtration

45
Q

The filtration provided by the glass of the tube and the surrounding oil is called:

A

Inherent Filtration (Built In)

46
Q

Inherited Filtration + Added Filtration=

A

Total FIltration

4-11 Chapters Core Exam (7 decks)

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