Formulating X-Ray Techniques

Question 1

Is radiation that,when passing through the body produces positively and negatively charged particles:

Answer 1

Ionizing Radiation

Question 2

Is the measures taken to safeguard patients,personnel,and the public from unnecessary exposure to ionizing radiation:

Answer 2

Radiation Protection

Question 3

Systeme International units established by the international commission on Radiation Units in 1980

Answer 3

(SI)

Question 4

Is the SI unit term for radiation exposure,represents a measurment of the radiation intensity in the air:

Answer 4

Air Kerma

Question 5

Is the amount of energy (X-Ray) absorbed by the irradiated tissue:

Answer 5

Absorbed dose (D)

Question 6

Is used to indicate “Tissue”:

Answer 6

Gy

Question 7

Dose values are indicated as :

Answer 7

Gy-t

Question 8

is the absorbed dose in tissue value:

Answer 8

Gy-t

Question 9

Is the term used to describe or clarify thre absorbed dose in the body based on the type and energy of the radiation the person was exposed to:

Answer 9

Dose equivalent

Question 10

Is the SI systems unit of dose equivalent:

Answer 10

Sievert

Question 11

is assigned to each type of radiation,based on the variation in biologic damage that is produced when an individual receives exposure from different types of radiation:

Answer 11

Radiation Weighing Factor

Question 12

Patient dose in radiography is usually calculated according to the exposure level at the skin:

Answer 12

Entrance Skin Exposure (ESE)

Question 13

Are the determiners of heredity:

Answer 13

Genes

Question 14

Describes radiation absorbed ins tissues,when there is more oxygen in tissues,it is more sensitive to radiation compared to tissue with low oxygen:

Answer 14

Oxygen Enhancement Ratio (OER)

Question 15

Younger cells are most sensitive than older
Simple cells are more sensitive than highly complex ones
Cells that use energy rapidly are more sensitive than those that have slower metabolism
Cells that divide and multiply rapidly are more sensitive than those that replicate slowly:

Answer 15

Law of Bergonie and Tribondeau

Question 16

Are observed within 3 months of the exposure:

Answer 16

Short-term effects

Question 17

Acute Radiation Syndrome

Answer 17

(ARS)

Question 18

Categorized systems affected

Answer 18

Hematologist System (blood)
Gastrointestinal System (digestive tract )
Central Nervous System or CNS (Brain and Spinal Cord)

Question 19

Sometimes refered to as latent effects and not observed until several years after exposure,in fact they may not be apparent for as long as 30 years:

Answer 19

Long-Term effects

Question 20

Affect the body and tissues of the individual who is irradiated.Are both Short and Long -Term effects

Answer 20

Somatic Effects

Question 21

Occur as a result of damage to the reproductive cells of the irradiated person and are observed as defects in the children or grandchildren or the irradiated individual:

Answer 21

Genetic effects

Question 22

Reddening of the skin:

Answer 22

Erythema

Question 23

Effects to be apparent is generally considered to be 5 to 30 years,with a great percentage of effects occurring between 10 to 15 years:

Answer 23

Long term effects

Question 24

Are predictable:

Answer 24

Short-term effects

Question 25

Are not predictable:

Answer 25

Long-term effects

Question 26

Increased risk of malignant disease,particularly cancer of the skin,thyroid,and breast,and leukemia,a malignant disease of the blood:

Answer 26

Carcinogenesis

Question 27

Are changes or mutations to the genes of the reproductive cells:

Answer 27

Genetic Effects

Question 28

Genes said to be chosen:

Answer 28

Dominent Genes

Question 29

Those that are not selective are called:

Answer 29

Recessive Genes

Question 30

As Low As Reasonably Achievable

Answer 30

(ALARA)

Question 31

Shields attaches to the collimator are called:

Answer 31

Shadow Shield

Question 32

Whenever the gonads are within ____ cm of the margin of the radiation field,gonad dose will be significantly reduced by shielding:

Answer 32

5

Question 33

Three principal methods used to protect limited operators from unecessary radiation exposure are:

Answer 33

Time,Distance,and Shielding

Question 34

Aprons should be ____mm

Answer 34

0.5

Question 35

Lead Aprons should be ____mm

Answer 35

0.25

Question 36

Quality control checks on aprons,should be every:

Answer 36

6 months

Question 37

Devices for monitoring radiation exposure of radiation workers are called :

Answer 37

Personel Dosimeters

Question 38

Annual Occupational Dose :

Answer 38

50 mSv

Question 39

Were used until recently but are now becoming obsolete:

Answer 39

Thermoluminescent Dosimeters (TLD)

Question 40

Refers to a recently developed monitoring dosimeter that uses aluminum oxide as a radiation detector is also processed using laser light:

Answer 40

Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL)

Question 41

Prepares the standards and makes the recommendations to the government:

Answer 41

The national council on Radiation Protection and Measurements (NCRP)

Question 42

System is a limiting system used to calculate the upper limit of occupational exposure and is also measured by the personal dosimeter readings:

Answer 42

The Effective Dose (EfD)

Question 43

NCRP recommended monthly EqD limit to the embryo/fetus for a pregnant worker is ____ mSv

Answer 43

0.5