Basic Physics for Radiography Flashcards
What are the three basic forms of matter:
Solid,LIquid,Gas
The Quantity of matter that makes up any physical object
Mass
The Law of Conservation
Matter can neither be created nor destroyed but can change its’ form.
Energy can neither be created nor destroyed but it can change it’s form.
All matter is composed of “building blocks” called
Atoms
The fundamental particles that compose atoms are:
Neutrons ,Protons and Electrons
What forms the Nucleus:
Neutrons and Protons
Electrons circle the nucleus in orbits called:
Shells
The closest shell to the nucleus and most important :
K-Shell
A substance made up of only one type of atom:
Element
Three most common elements we may be familiar with are:
Calcium(Ca),Iodine(I) and lead (Pb)
Three most common elements we may be familiar with are:
Calcium(Ca),Iodine(I) and lead (Pb)
The greater the Atomic Number,
The greater the Mass and Density
The mass number of the element is the combined total of:
Protons and Neutrons in a Nucleus
The most important element used in production of X-rays and element inside of X-ray tube where X-rays are created:
Tungsten
Two or more atoms may combine chemically to form:
Molecules
A substance that consists of only one type of molecule is called:
Chemical Compound
When a neutral atom gains or loses an electron and is said to be the process:
Ion,Ionization
Consist of Light,X-Rays,Radiowaves,Microwaves ,and other forms of energy:
Electromagnetic Energy
Electromagnetic energy occurs in the form of a:
Sine Wave
The distance between the crest and the trough of the wave (Its height) is called:
Amplitude
Distance from one crest to the next crest
Wavelength
The number of times per second that a crest passes a given time:
Frequency
Electromagnetic energy moves through space at the ____ (speed) of approximately 186,000
Velocity
Short Waves will have a
High Frequency
Long waves will have a
Low Frequency
X rays with greater energy have:
High Frequency and Short Wavelengths and are More Penetrating
The smallest unit of electromagnetic energy is the:
Photon
Resistance uses the unit of measure:
Ohm
Current uses the unit of measure:
Ampere
Potential Difference uses the unit of measure:
Volt
Is constantly changing its electric current:
Alternating current (AC)
Only moves in one direction in the electric current
Direct Current (DC)
AC can be converted so that is flows in one direction only:
Rectification
induced current is always:
Alternating Current (AC)
The circuit that is connected to the power supply is called:
The primary current
The circuit that carries the induced current is called:
The secondary circuit
A current produced because of a voltage production due to a changing magnetic field:
Electromagnetic Induction
Consistency of primary and secondary coils,usually surrounding an iron core:
A transformer
Always flows from the primary to the secondary coils:
Electric Current
When there are most windings in the secondary coil than in the primary coil,the voltage on the secondary side is greater,and the transformer is called:
Step-Up Transformer
The secondary side has fewer turns,the secondary voltage will be less than the primary voltage and the transformer is called:
Step-Down Transformer
A Transformer always increases or decreases the incoming voltage by a set multiple called:
The Transformer Ratio
Kilovoltage and Amperage are _____ proportional while flowing through the transformer:
Inversely
A Step-Down transfer increases voltage from primary to secondary,
amperage is decreased
