WWII TEST

Question 1

Joseph Stalin

Answer 1

• Leader of Soviet Union

- Type of government- totalitarianism

Question 2

Totalitarianism

Answer 2

• Gov controls society
• State planning of the economy
• State-owned collective farms

Question 3

Adolf Hitler

Answer 3

• Leader of Germany

- Type of government- Nazism

Question 4

Nazism

Answer 4

• Form of fascism
• Extreme racism aimed @ Jews
• Territorial expansion to create Lebensraum or “living space”
• Blamed

Question 5

Benito Mussolini

Answer 5

• Leader of Italy

- Type of government- Fascism

Question 6

Fascism

Answer 6

• Extreme nationalism
• State comes first; individual liberty 2nd
• Strongly opposes communism and democracy
• Favors military values, use of violence, strong leader
• Blackshirt squads terrorized rival political groups
• Outlawed labor unions, censored the press

Question 7

Hediki Tojo

Answer 7

• Leader of Japan

- Type of government- Militarism

Question 8

Militarism

Answer 8

• Military has increased power
• Military plays strong role in government
• aggressive military action abroad

Question 9

WORLD REACTION to Germany and Italy aiding the nationalists in Spanish Civil War

Answer 9

Some volunteers (including 3k Americans) fought against the Nationalists, but only the Soviet Union officially aided the Repubs in the Civil War

Question 10

AMERICAN REACTION to Germany and Italy aiding the nationalists in Spanish Civil War

Answer 10

The US congress passed neutrality acts in 1936 and 1937, which kept the US out of the conflict

Question 11

WORLD REACTION to Germany invading Poland

Answer 11

2 days later, Allied powers declared war on Germany, were not able to stop invasion and takeover of Poland

Question 12

AMERICAN REACTION to Germany invading Poland

Answer 12

US declared neutrality

Question 13

AMERICAN REACTION to the massacre of civilians in Nanjing by Japanese troops

Answer 13

Roosevelt made a speech calling for a quarantine against aggressor nations like Japan (speech had little effect)

Question 14

AMERICAN REACTION to the battle of Britain

Answer 14

US began sending aid to Britain under the Lend-Lease Act

Question 15

Reason for Pearl Harbor

Answer 15

US didn’t approve of Japan’s aggression with China so we declared an embargo (they could no longer get oil)

Question 16

Significance of Pearl Harbor

Answer 16

Crippled US Pacific fleet, sunk/damaged 18 ships and destroyed/damaged 300 aircraft
Next day, Roosevelt asked Congress to declare war on Japan

Question 17

Philippines

Answer 17

• Japan invaded several large possessions (such as Philippine islands) held by America
• Americans a Filipinos under General Douglas MacArthur resisted a Japanese onslaught
• March- Roosevelt ordered MacArthur to leave the islands, 2 months later, Japan conquered Philippines
• 7,000 died in the Bataan death march

Question 18

Coral Sea

Answer 18

• US needs to supply Australia
• US able to break Japanese code
• Sent naval force to Coral Sea
• Warships never saw each other, fought with carrier planes
• America won, able to replace aircraft (Japan couldn’t)

Question 19

Midway

Answer 19

• US intercepts Japan’s codes again
• America won- demolished Japan’s forces
• Last Japanese offensive

Question 20

Okinawa

Answer 20

• Last “stepping stone” on way to Jaapn
• 12,000 Americans dead, 100,000 Japanese dead
• America won
• Kamikaze- pilots flew bomb-filled planes directly into American vessels

Question 21

Southern Italy

Answer 21

• Allies used North Africa as a staging area to invade the territory
• Territory’s leaders voted out Mussolini and restored the King and Parliament
• Territory surrendered to the Allies and soon declared war on Germany
• German forces remained in this territory and battled Allied forces as they moved north

Question 22

Normandy

Answer 22

• Operation Overlord called for an invasion of France
• D-Day- landing craft unloaded allied troops on the beaches of normandy as German gun batteries targeted the invading Allies
• By end of first day, allies held 59 miles of the coast
• From this territory, allied troops began a rapid sweep across France and liberated Paris

Question 23

Battle of the Bulge

Answer 23

• Hitler planned for his armies to burst through the allied lines in the Ardennes region of Belgium
• 8 German armored division smashed into the America forces, creating a large bulge in the Allied line
• Allied air support and support of General Patton’s Third Army forced the Germans to withdraw, ending the last German offensive on the western front

Question 24

Executive Order 9066

Answer 24

Order that forced Japanese Americans into internment camps

Question 25

Korematsu v. U.S.

Answer 25

Korematsu went to court because he refused to go to an internment camp (he lost the case)

Question 26

Internment camp

Answer 26

Where Japanese Americans were held because of Executive Order 9066

Question 27

Tuskegee Airmen (Red Tails) (<3333333333)

Answer 27

First all-black aerial combat group that fought in world war 2

Question 28

Double V campaign

Answer 28

Campaign by African Americans that pushed toward/favored victory over seas against the axis powers and victory at home against racism towards blacks

Question 29

Zoot Suit Riots

Answer 29

Riots between sailors and latino youths that would wear zoot suits

Question 30

War Refugee Board

Answer 30

Organization created to aid civilian victims of the Nazi and axis powers