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Russian Revolution - causes > WWI era > Flashcards

WWI era Flashcards

1
Q

What did the Tsarina call Rasputin?

A

“our friend”

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2
Q

When did Nicky decide to relive Count Nikolai of C-in-C position and go to the front?

A

Sept 1915

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3
Q

Stats about ministerial leapfrogging period

A

Sept 1915 to feb 1917: 4 PMs/ministers of edu + justice
3 ministers of transport + foreign affairs + war ministers

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4
Q

examples of incompetent ministers Rasputin put forward

A

Sturmer: (minister of the interior), Jan 1916, know for passion of all things german
Proptopopov: Sept 1916, zero govt experience and would talk to statues and dress as policeman in duma

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5
Q

What did the French Ambassador tell his govt on Russia when the Tsarina was running it?

A

“I am obliged to report that, at the present moment, the Russian Empire is run by lunatics”

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6
Q

when was rasputin murdered

A

dec 1916

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7
Q

what cult was rasputin a part of?

A

khylsty

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8
Q

Pyotr Durnovo (member of state council) in a letter to the tsar of Russia’s preparedness for war.

A

“The technological backwardness of our industries does not create favourable conditions”

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9
Q

What happened as a result of Nicholas saying they were going to war?

A

a decrease in strikes/worker militancy, removal of barricades in wc suburbs, revolutionaries seen as traitors, socialists (mens and sr’s) focused on war effort, a 95% willing conscription, fourth duma suspended itself in support of the tsar.

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10
Q

as a result of nicky saying russia going to war, what was change in strikes between jan/july 1914 and aug/dec 1914

A

jan-july 1914: 3493

aug- dec 1914: 41

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11
Q

what were the problems the russian army was facing at the time war broke out?

A

6.5 mil men, but only 4.6 mil rifles. Artillery rationed to 3 rounds per day. Short of recommended cartridges (ammunition) by a billion. Equipment not suitable for Russian winter/trench warfare. Inept leadership. Russia needed to produce 100,000 rifles to support war but only making 42,000 per month

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12
Q

Specific examples of inept war leadership at the time war broke out

A

c-in-c Grand Duke Nikolai knew was wasnt a good tactical commander. War minister General Sukhomlinov supported outdated milit tactics

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13
Q

when was the battle of lemberg

A

5th to 21st of aug 1914

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14
Q

How many russians died in battle of lemberg vs austrians

A

russian losses: 225,000 men
austrian: 400,000

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15
Q

when was the battle of tannenberg

A

13th - 17th Aug 1914 (4 days)

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16
Q

how many russian losses vs german losses in battle of tannenberg?

A

70,000 russian casualties + 350 heavy artillery pieces captured
ger casualties: 15,000

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17
Q

how many russian losses vs german losses in battle of mansurian lakes?

A

60,000 russian deaths, 40,000 captured
ger losses: 10,000

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18
Q

when was the battle of the masurian lakes?

A

27th aug to 1st sept 1914

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19
Q

when was the ‘great retreat’?

A

july to sept 1915

20
Q

what did an officer say about the horrifc-ness of wwi?

A

“this is not war, sir, it is slaughter”

21
Q

state of the untrained wwi troops

A

“disgustingly untrained” - brusilov, had only 6 weeks basic training, only a quater of soldiers on the front has weapons

22
Q

what was a result of how bad their were in war on ordinary russians?

A

23 mil russians living under ger occupied territory bc all their losses!

23
Q

result of industry focussed on war effort on the working class?

A

shortage of basic food and rapid decline in SOL

24
Q

result of inadequate railway system in 1916 Moscow and Russia

A

only receiving 1/3rd of usual food and fuel supply

25
Q

what happened to food businesses in Petrograd bc of war and railways stuff

A

1/3rd of bakeries and 2/3rds of butchers closed down in petrograd

26
Q

in 1916 what was the calorie intake for the unskilled worker and what happened to infant mortality (railways and war and economics)

A

the calorie intake for the unskilled worker was decreased 25% and infant mortality doubled

27
Q

what was the fundamental problem with the railways in the war?

A

distribution not production

28
Q

what idiotic mistake did Nicholas make in the war that caused inflation trouble

A

banned the production and sale of vodka. Which led to govt tax revenue decrease by 28%, with no replacement for the losses.

29
Q

inflation statistic

A

1914: rouble was stable
1917: rouble could only 30% of what it could in 1913

30
Q

wages had increased by half in the war but what was still happening to food prices

A

food $ x4

31
Q

what was the Russian army called?

A

“peasantry in uniform”

32
Q

why did the capacity of the agriculture sector decrease in the war?

A

govt horse requisitioning and peasants going out to war

33
Q

govt response to agriculture issues in the war and how did it backfire?

A

monopoly on grain and est quotas for provinces… the angry peasants just sowed less and ate more

34
Q

what did the grain/ agriculture crisis mean for food in cities in 1916

A

acute food shortages!!!

35
Q

when was the war industries committee established?

A

25th july 1915

36
Q

what were the three organisations that tried to help nicky but were rejected by him?

A

the Union of Zemstovs, the War Industries Committee and The Progressive Bloc

37
Q

what did the UofT and UofZ want to do?

A

a voluntary org. to try and help the war effort. Provide effort to assist the transport of supplies to the front and care for the wounded.

38
Q

what did WIC want to do?

A

create a more competitive/efficient/productive war econ + give official support to govt.

39
Q

when was the fourth duma recalled to power in the war chaos and when was it once again suspended by Nicky?

A

19th july 1915 - 3rd September 1915

40
Q

when was the progressive bloc formed?

A

august 1915

41
Q

how many were involved in the progessive bloc?

A

236 out of 422 duma deputies involved

42
Q

What did the progressive bloc serve to do?

A

unite liberal opposition from within the duma against the tsar

43
Q

who were prominent members in the progressive bloc

A

rodzianko, miliukov, guchkov

44
Q

when did the tsar go to the front?

A

23 august 1915

45
Q

how did the real worth of wages decrease?

A

by 65%

Russian Revolution - causes (8 decks)

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