WWI Flashcards
Nickname for American soldiers
Doughboys
Form of public Information TO mold public opinion
Propaganda
Compulsory enrollment in military service
Conscription
Preparation especially for war effort
Mobilization
Clash in the air that had little effect on the ground war
Dogfight
An agreement made between countries that promised help in case of war
Alliance
The right of people to choose their own form of gov.
Self determination
An overthrow of an existing gov.
Coup
What is impartiality?
Neutrality
To come from one country to settle in another
Emigrate
Beliefs rooted in the communist Ideology of Karl marx
Bolshevism
Progressive republicans who would not vote for the League of Nations
Irreconcilables
A person who approved the idea of the League of Nations but wished to modify it
Reservationists
Major Causes of WWI
Triple entente vs central powers Militarism Alliance Imperialism Nationalism Assassination
Assassination
“The spark”
Heir to throne of Austria/Hungary
Archduke
Franz Ferdinand
Killed 24th June 1914 by Princip ( was a member of black hand a nationalist group )
4 days later aus/hun declared war in Serbia
Nationalism
Ancient feuds lends to nationalism
Eu tried to fix with congress of Vienna ( called to bring balance to Eu )
France/ Prussian war
All led to feelings of national pride
Imperialism
Contributed to rivalries
Foreign markets needed ( indust. Rev )
Vast armies and navies had been created
Militarism
Many eu Nations seen as militaristic
Countries wanted to prove their military might
Minor causes of WWI
Mercantilism Fear Family ties International anarchy Religious persecution Idealism
Weapons in WWI
Gas Tank Machine guns Submarines Artillery
Triple entente
Uk
Russia
France
And later Italy and US
Triple alliance
Germany Austria/Hungary Italy Ottoman Empire Bulgaria Turkey will join later
Treaty of Versailles d
Signed to stop WWI
Signed on the 11th hour of the 11th day of the 11th month in 1918
Roosevelt called it a peace without victory
Big four went to Paris to sign it
Big 4
Went to Paris to sign treaty
Wilson-US
Lloyd George- prime minister of Great Britain
Clemenceau- France
Orlando- Italy
( eu leaders not impressed w/ Wilson, saw him as self righteous )
Article 10
Why US doesn’t want to join League of Nations
Have to aid other countries or attacked or invaded
Wilsons 14 points
Open diplomacy Freedom of seas Return of land Freedom of minorities Point 14; League of Nations ( promote world peace )
League of Nations
Promotes world peace
3 biggest world militaries were not a part of it ( us Russia and Germany )
Zimmerman note
A controversial cable sent to Mexico by Germany’s foreign secretary during the Great War which proposed an alliance between the two countries and caused a major rift between germany and then neutral United State
Zimmerman note
telegram written by German Foreign Minister Arthur Zimmerman proposing an alliance between Germany and Mexico against the United states during the World War I
Espionage act 1917
banned certain printed materials
Lusitania
British passenger ship
Irreconcilables
isolationist senators who opposed any treaty ending WWI that had a League of Nations folded into it
Wouldn’t vote for League of Nations bc they wanted no part of the influence of Eu
Reservationists
a group of Senators, led by Henry Cabot Lodge, who opposed the Treaty of Versailles, to end WWI unless specific changes were included
Franz
Archduke of Austria Hungary assassinated by a Serbian in 1914. His murder was one of the causes of WW I.
Why us enters war?
- Germany was attacking American ships
- Violating international law (germany)
- The Zimmerman note
Woodrow Wilson
After World War I, this United States president sought to reduce the risk of war by writing the Fourteen Points that influenced the creation of the League of Nations.
Life in trenches
Troops dug trenches for fighting positions. Dirty, disease filled, cold, limited food supply, small. Troops suffered mental and physical damage.
Provisions of treaty of Ver.
1)stripped Germany of all military 2) Germany had to repair war damages($33 billion) 3) Germany had to acknowledge guilt for causing WWI 4) Germany could not manufacture any weapons.
Sedation act 1918
Us couldn’t speak against government
Samuel Gompers
Head of the American federation of labor
Became key figure in labors support of the war
Espionage act and sedation act
To out an end to obstruction of the war effort
Czar Nicholas II
Leader of Russia during the time
Pershing
Commander in chief of the American expeditionary forces
Nicknamed black jack
Jeanette rankin
Only female member of congress
Red Baron
Richthofen was known as THIS BECAUSE it was the color of his Falkner triplane
German fighter Pilot
Herbert Hoover
Propaganda- conserving food
George creel
Propaganda- modeling public opinion
William Gibbs mcadoo
Propaganda- buying liberty bonds
New countries created after war
Austria
Hungary
UK
Ireland
Russia during WWI
Russia backed out of the war early because the had a civil war in thier country. So they were not invited to the treaty. They also lost a lot of land, even more than Germany through the Treaty of Versailles.
Russian revolution 1917
WWI life in us
ade oppurtunity for women to get good jobs and good wages. Industry boomed. Had to make sacrifices to save on important war goods - lightless nights, meatless days, etc.
Bolsheviks
a group of people who seized control of Russia and renamed themselves the Communist Party
Baruch
Presidential adviser: First World War. In 1916, Baruch left Wall Street to advise President Woodrow Wilson on national defense and terms of peace. He served on the Advisory Commission to the Council of National Defense and, in 1918, became the chairman of the new War Industries Board.
Rickenbacker
Edward Vernon Rickenbacker was an American fighter ace in World War I and Medal of Honor recipient. With 26 aerial victories, he was America’s most successful fighter ace in the war.
Karl marx
Philosopher Called for class war between workers and capitalists rather than world war between capitalist governments
Eugene v debs
Socialist leader who served time in prison for telling his followers to resist militarism wherever found
Battles during WWI
Battle of the Marne- Germany attacks France, 6 days long
Battle of lodz
Battle of Ypres- Germany uses chlorine gas bombs, Germany looses
Verdun, the most significant battle that the IS fought
William Jennings Bryan
Secretary of State
Neutrality
He was smart ( sinking if Lusitania )
New countries
Finland Poland Lithuania Czechoslovakia Estonia
