WWI Flashcards
militarism
policy of glorifying military power and keeping an army prepared for war
Triple Entente
alliance of Britain, france, and Russia
central powers
Germany , Austria hungary, Bulgaria and ottoman empire
Allied powers
great Britain, france, Russia, later japan and Italy
Schlieffen plan
german plan attacking france in the west then rushing east to fight Russia
trench warfare
armies dug miles of parallel trenches to protect them from enemy fire.
unrestricted submarine warfare
submarines sinking ships without giving warning
total war
countries devoted their resources to war effort: rationing and propaganda
rationing
people bought small amounts of items needed for war effort
propaganda
one sided information given to persuade and keep up morale and support of war effort
armistice
agreement to stop fighting
Woodrow Wilsons 14 points
peace proposals outlining a plan for achieving a just and lasting peace (proposed : end to secret treaties, freedom of seas, free trade, adjustment of colonial claims, changing boarders creating new nations, self determination
Self determination
allowing people to decide for themselves under what government they wished to live
Treaty of Versailles
peace treaty between Germany and France ending war on western front
League of Nations
an international association whose goal would be to keep peace among nations
proletariats
working class
Bolsheviks
radical Marxist group supporting revolutionaries to change the government, headed by Lenin
Rasputin
self described holy man, took powerful positions in Russian government due to his relations to the royal family.
provisional government
temporary government
Soviet
local councils consisting of workers, peasants and soldiers.
Communist Party
new title of the Bolsheviks inspired by Karl Marx writings
Great Purge
Stalins campaign of terror directed at eliminating anyone who threatened his power
Command Economy
system in which the government made all economic decisions
Five Year Plan
Stalins plan for development of the Soviet Unions economy: to increase the output of steel, coal, oil, and electricity, limiting production of consumer goods to achieve these goals
Collective farms
large government owned farms
Woodrow Wilson
president of united states during germans use of unrestricted submarine warfare in WWI
war guilt
clause after WWI that held Germany responsible for the war
Five year plan
goals stalin set to increase output of steel, coal, oil, electricity, by limiting production of consumer goods
Kaiser Wilhelp II
german ruler who did not want to share power, began tremendous shipbuilding program to make german navy equal to britains
ultimatum
message of threats or demands
western front
deadlocked region of northern france
eastern front
stretch of battle field along german and Russian border
Mensheviks
group of moderate Russian Marxists who wanted broad base of support for revolution
totalitarianism
when the government takes total centralized state control over every aspect of public and private life
balkans
region in southeast europe
Verdun
when germans launched attack against French with many casualties and germans advanced four miles
Somme
british aid france by attacking germans in valley of somme river. british gained five miles from this
battle of marne
germans attacked French at valley of marne river, a battle the germans lost, forcing them to fight on two fronts
gallipoli
efforts for the allies tot ake dardanelles strait
Treaty of Brest- Litovsk
agreement between russia and germany to end the war between them
arms race
competition between nations for the best battle equipment and military technology
indoctrination
instruction in the governments beliefs
Kulak
wealthier peasants
Alsace Lorraine
land french wanted back from germany
shell shock
when soldiers cant handle the experience of war
dreadnought
germanys battle ship meant to compete with British
Franz Ferdinand
Austrian ruler that got assinated
