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WW2 Flashcards

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1
Q

Causes of WW2 (5 points)

A
  • Treaty of Versailles
  • Rise of totalitarianism/fascism
  • Hitler
  • Failure of League of Nations
  • The Great Depression
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2
Q

What is the Nazi-Soviet Pact?

A

Hitler and Stalin sign a 10-year peacw agreement between Germany and the Soviet Union

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3
Q

Spark of WW2

A

Germany invades Poland on September 1, 1939

On September 3, Britain and France declare war on Germany

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4
Q

What happened to Poland after the spark?

A

Germany defeats Poland by the end of the month and splits the claimed land with the Soviet Union

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5
Q

Who was the Canadian Prime Minister during WW2?

A

William Lyon Mackenzie

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6
Q

Operation name for D-Day?

A

Operation Overlord

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7
Q

Who were the Axis Powers?

A

Germany, Italy, Japan

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8
Q

What was the Schlieffen Plan?

A

Incase of a war outbreak, Germany would first attack and dispose of France while Russia mobolized their army in order to avoid two battlefronts

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9
Q

What decleration was significant for Canada in 1939?

A

Canada declared war on Germany as an independant country on September 9, 1939.

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10
Q

Nuclear Weapon Significance (3 points)

A
  • WW2 was the first war to utilize nuclear warfare such as atomic bombs.
  • Such weaponry was evident trhough the US’s bomb attack on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan.
  • Helped shape the development of the Cold war by inficling fear of a final World War.
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11
Q

What was The Holocaust?

A

The mass murder of Jewish people by the Nazis in WW2

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12
Q

What are the stages of Genocide? (6 points)

A
  1. Classification
    what is the targeted group to take all the blame
  2. Symbolization
    Jews were forced to wear the Star of David to identify who was a Jew
  3. Dehumanization
    Nazis deemed the Jews to be less than humans
  4. Organization
    Nazis controlled the Jewish population through fear, terror, and restrictions
  5. Preparation
    Jewish properties were seized and Jews were relocated to The Ghettos where the Nazis isolated and controlled Jews
  6. Extermination
    Jews were moved to death camps where they faced brutal, inhumane, and cruel deaths.
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13
Q

What are some new inventions/technologies from WW2 (5 points)

A
  • Nuclear warfare (atomic bombs)
  • Antibiotics (penicillin)
  • Skin grafts (likely from Jewish concentration camps)
  • Radars
  • Computers (The ENIAC (1945) was the first electronic general-purpose digital computer)

The ENIAC was used to calculate the trajectory of artillery shells - that means figuring out exactly where the big military guns should be aimed to hit the target

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14
Q

What was it like on the Homefront during WW2?

A
  • Victory bonds immensely funded the war

-Rationing and Wage and Price Controls (Controlling inflation and how much one person could buy of each item)

  • Censorship (propaganda, ensuring citizens didn’t adapt enemies ideaolagies
  • Conscription (was intially opposed/rejected by the King however the government insisted and in result 16,000 conscriptions were enacted
  • Japanese interment camps (Japanese people living in Canada were relocated to camps after the attack on Pearl Harbour) the camps were used to control the Japanese out of fear of spys and sabotages however provided extremely poor living conditions
  • Indigenous Soldiers (In WW2, about 4000 Indigenous people, volunteered to join the Canadian Forces however treaties stated that they would not be drafted by conscription
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15
Q

What was the the War Measures Act?
- significance during WW2?

A

The War Measures Act was a Canadian law that granted the government sweeping emergency powers during times of war, invasion, or insurrection.

The Act was first enacted in 1914

In 1942, the Canadian government invoked the War Measures Act in response to growing concerns about potential threats of sabotage and espionage related to the ongoing World War II.
- conscription
- censorship
- economic controls

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16
Q

Changes to Canada’s Identity within the world?

A

Shift in Canada-US Relations
- close cooperation between US and Canada lead to close relations post-war

Emergence as an Independent Nation
- Canada’s contributions, such as the Canadians who served in the armed forces, demonstrated its ability to act autonomously on the world stage.

Shift in National Unity and Identity
- Nationalism grew however, However, the conscription crisis and the internment of Japanese-Canadians also highlighted ongoing tensions and divisions within Canadian society

17
Q

Why/when did the U.S. join WW2?

A

On december 8th, the day after the attack on Pearl Harbour, which targeted American pacific fleets, the United States declared war on Germany.

18
Q

What was the UN (United Nations)

A

The UN was formed in 1945 following end of WW2 with the goal of preventing future global conflicts and promoting international cooperation.

The UN’s founding charter was signed by 51 countries and continues to exist today. Aims to qualm conflict through civil negotiations

19
Q

What is VE Day?
When?

A

The day Germany surrenders and stands for victory-in-Europe day

May 8th 1945

20
Q

When did WW2 officially come to an end?

A

While Japan surrendered on August 14, the official ceremony wasn’t held until September 2 which officially concluded the Second World War.

21
Q

Battle of the Atlantic

A

What: A long-running naval campaign between the Allies and Axis powers for control of the Atlantic Ocean shipping lanes.
When: 1939 to 1945
Where: North Atlantic Ocean
Who: Allied naval and air forces vs German U-boats and surface raiders
Why: Crucial for transporting supplies, troops, and resources between North America and Europe
How: Convoys, submarine warfare, air patrols, technological advancements like radar and sonar

22
Q

Battle of Dunkrik

A

What: The evacuation of Allied troops from the port of Dunkirk, France
When: May-June 1940
Where: Dunkirk, northern France
Who: British, French, Belgian, and Dutch troops vs German forces
Why: To rescue Allied troops after the German invasion of France
How: Civilian boats assisted in the mass evacuation across the English Channel

23
Q

Battle of Britain

A

What: An air battle between the British Royal Air Force and the German Luftwaffe
When: July-October 1940
Where: Skies over southern England
Who: British RAF vs German Luftwaffe
Why: Germany sought to gain air superiority over Britain before invading
How: Aerial dogfights, bombing campaigns, technological advances in radar

24
Q

Battle of Hong Kong

A

What: The Japanese invasion and occupation of the British colony of Hong Kong
When: December 1941
Where: Hong Kong
Who: British, Canadian, and Indian troops vs Japanese forces
Why: Japan sought to expand its empire and control strategic Pacific territories
How: Japanese forces overwhelmed the smaller Allied garrison through a series of attacks

25
Q

Dieppe Raid

A

What: A failed Allied amphibious assault on the German-occupied French port of Dieppe
When: August 1942
Where: Dieppe, France
Who: Canadian, British, and American troops vs German defenders
Why: To test German defenses and gather intelligence for future landings
How: The Allies were unable to break through German lines and suffered heavy casualties in the attempt

26
Q

The Invasion of Sicily

A

What: The Allied invasion and capture of the Italian island of Sicily
When: July-August 1943
Where: Sicily, Italy
Who: Allied forces (American, British, Canadian, etc.) vs Italian and German troops
Why: To knock Italy out of the war and set the stage for the invasion of mainland Italy
How: Successful amphibious landings followed by a steady advance across the island

27
Q

Battle of Ortona

A

What: A fierce battle for control of the Italian town of Ortona
When: December 1943
Where: Ortona, Italy
Who: Canadian troops vs German forces
Why: To secure a crucial route for the Allied advance towards Rome
How: Heavy urban combat as the Canadians fought to clear the town of German defenders

28
Q

D-Day

A

What: The Allied amphibious invasion of German-occupied Normandy, France
When: June 1944
Where: Normandy, France
Who: American, British, Canadian, and other Allied forces vs German troops
Why: To open a new front in Western Europe and begin the liberation of Nazi-occupied areas
How: Massive naval and air bombardment followed by the successful landing and establishment of a beachhead

29
Q

Why was the battle of Diepee a failure?

A

-> poorly planned
-> canada used bacation pictures to plan attacks
-> they were exposed beforehand, therefore the element of surprise was taken away

30
Q

what are the main differences between WW1 and WW2?

A

1) WW2 was the first global and total war, where it took place all over the world, in both civilian and rural areas

2) WW2 was the first nuclear war
–> Atomic bombs dropped by the USA

3) different technology and stradgies

31
Q

Why is D-day significant?

A

Marks the turning point of the war, and the beginning of the end of Hitler

32
Q

On D-day, where did Canadians attack?

A

Juno Beach

33
Q

why were victory bonds popular?

A

-> showcased patrotism
-> a type of investment

34
Q

why did the japanese internment camps happen? (2)

A

-> war measures act, where the canadian government was allowed to relocated japanese canadans (they were seen as a “secuirty risk”

->the attack of pearl harbour

35
Q

Why did did Hitler openly target the Jewish (2)

A

-> used them as a scapegoat/leverage to control german’s during the GD
-> believed aryans were superior and wanted to feed into that belief

36
Q

what is “Auschiwitz?”

A

-> a death camp

37
Q

what are the nuremberg laws?

A

-> a set of anti-semtic laws enacted on (September 15, 1935)

-> only germans can be citizens
-> jewish had no right to vote or be in public office
-> a lot of segragtion
->legalized racism

history (7 decks)

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