WW1 - The home front

Question 1

how did it become total war

Answer 1

battles turned into battles of attrition and needed to pour all resources into the war effort
all aspects of the economy industry and society

Question 2

Sam Hughes

Answer 2

minister of defence 1911-1916
put in charge of canadian war effort and outfitting the canadian expeditionary force
needed to train small militia of 3000 for service in flanders and recruit more troops to meet borden’s promise of 500000

Question 3

valcartier and hugh

Answer 3

hugh set up massive training camp at valcartier quebec three weeks after war started
men encouraged to sign up with pals
instruction only in english and valcartier was not very hospitable

Question 4

The ross rifle

Answer 4

good target rifle and hunting gun
hughes decided to use it in flanders 
proved useless in wet conditions 
incomparable with british ammunition 
hughes fired in 1916 for giving contracts to friends

Question 5

women in factory

Answer 5

as the men go to war women are recruited to work in factories

Question 6

rationing

Answer 6

all resources going to war every day goods were rationed

meatless monday

Question 7

war bonds

Answer 7

to help pay cost of war government pushes sale of government bonds
invest then get money back after the war

Question 8

war profiteering

Answer 8

1916 scandal breaks out as gov accused of awarding munitions contracts via patronage
sam hughes is involved

Question 9

income tax

Answer 9

tax on wages to temporarily offset cost of war

Question 10

War Measures Act

Answer 10

1914
enemy aliens
500000 german hungarian austrian residents citizens subject to arbitrary arrest and search
gov bans publications in enemy languages to control spin of war
new berlin becomes kitchener ontario

Question 11

Propaganda

Answer 11

all nations use this to swat public opinion

Question 12

Wartime Elections act

Answer 12

1917

federal votes granted to mother sister and wives of soldiers in the forces

Question 13

Halifax explosion

Answer 13

dec 6 1917
french merchant ship mont blanc loaded with munitions explodes
2000 dead 9000 wounded

Question 14

conscription crisis

Answer 14

1916 borden struggles to replace loses on western front
80000 troops needed per year to maintain commitments
borden promises 500000 more men unrealistic
to meet commitment he proposes conscription
this further divides nationalists and imperialists
conscription targeted franciphones

Question 15

Why did volunteer levels drop

Answer 15

eager men had already joined
plenty of work in war industry
stories from front
growing nationalism

Question 16

Military service bill

Answer 16

1917
military service compulsory for all men 20-35
exempt war industry workers, sick conscientious objectors
jan 1 1918 coalition gov lib and con begin to enforce this bill
april 1 1918 easter riots quebec city 4 shot dead

Question 17

The great irony

Answer 17

no conscripted troops every fought in europe

Question 18

To win next election what does borden do

Answer 18

make military voters act- overseas men fighting can vote
make 1917 wartime elections act- enemy aliens lose right to vote
wives sisters and mothers of soldiers can vote

reason: if you or loved one is at war you want conscription to assist them