ww1 medicine

Question 1

what were all trenches linked by

Answer 1

communication trenches

Question 2

what were reserve trenches

Answer 2

where troops would be stationed

Question 3

whar was the support trench

Answer 3

where troops would retreat

Question 4

where where the trenches like

Answer 4

muddy + over crowded

Question 5

what were the 7 main injuries/illnesses

Answer 5

gas attacks, head injuries, shell shock, trench fever, trench foot, bullets and exploseive shells + shrapnel

Question 6

what did gas attacks cause

Answer 6

coughing blindness burns

Question 7

what was shell shock

Answer 7

when people would have a mental breakdown

Question 8

what was trench fever

Answer 8

flu like caused by lice

Question 9

what causes trench foot

Answer 9

standing in water

Question 10

why was wound infection a problem

Answer 10

the soil contained bacteria

Question 11

what was the FANY

Answer 11

volunteers who would drive ambulances and clean

Question 12

what were the transport problems

Answer 12

bad terrain- only stretchers could be uses
many roads + railways were destroyed
costant firing made recovery difficult
initaly there werent enought embulances but a public appeal paid for 512

Question 13

what was the underground hospital at arras

Answer 13

underneath the town in tonnes, had water + electricty 700 beds , operating theatre

Question 14

where was the regimental aid post

Answer 14

close to the front line

Question 15

what was the field ambulace

Answer 15

set up dressing stations

Question 16

what were the casualty clearing stations

Answer 16

big and well equipped building away from the front line

Question 17

where were base hospitals

Answer 17

near the costs and ports

Question 18

what where x-rays like when first discovered

Answer 18

patient had to keep still for a long time
high radiation- patients burnt and lost hair
machins couldnt be moved

Question 19

what were blood transfusions like when first discovered

Answer 19

in 17 century doctors carried out blood transfusions animal to human and people rarely survived
first human to human transfusion was in 1818-1829 and half survived
blood couldnt be stored
1901- discoverd 2 blood groups

Question 20

what was aseptic surgery like when first discoverd

Answer 20

everything was cleaned
things were steralised
they wore masks
1828- koch discoverd steam sterilliser
wore gloves

Question 21

what was the carrel dakin method of steralising and when was it founded

Answer 21

1917- sterilised solution mothed through the body in tubes

Question 22

what did they do in surgery is carrel dakin method didnt work

Answer 22

remove infected tissue

Question 23

what would they do in surgery if they couldnt remove infected tissue

Answer 23

amputate

Question 24

what was the problem with blood transfusions in 1915

Answer 24

1915 blood couldnt be stored

Question 25

what did richard lewisohn discover in 1915 about blood

Answer 25

adding soidum citrate to blood stopped it clotting which meant blood could be stored

Question 26

who discovered that blood could be refridgerated to be stored for longer

Answer 26

richard weil

Question 27

what did fracis rous + james turner do in 1916 about blood transfusions

Answer 27

they discovered that adding citrate glucose could store blood for even longer

Question 28

when was the first blood bank

Answer 28

1917- battle of cambrei

Question 29

give information about the thomas splint

Answer 29

reduced death rate from broken limbs from 80% ro 20% because it kept the leg straight which reduced blood loss

Question 30

what were some advances in surgery

Answer 30

brain injuries lead to new surgical techniques and improves success rate
improvements in plastic surgery

Question 31

how did mobile x ray units improve

Answer 31

more and more mobile units where made
mobile images werent as clear as static machines but still prevented many deaths