american west Flashcards
what were tribes divided into
bands
what would each band have
cheif and a council
who led the bands
cheifs and council members , the council members would decide everything
what were chiefs chosen for
their wisdom
what type of life style did the plains indians live
nomadic
what did plains indians believe about nature
that everything in nature had a spirit , they could contact spirits through rituals
what did plains indians believe about land
that is is sacred
what was the highest respect given to in plains indians soceity
warriors
what were pull factors to move west
freedom, fertile land , gold , space
what were push factors for moving west
collapse of wheat prices, overpopulation, persecuation, enemployment
when did the first migrants travel by the orgen trail
1836
when was gold found in california
1848
what was the manifest destiny
that is was God’s will for white americans to settle all over America
what percentage did unemployment reach in some places in the east
25%
when was the california gold rush
1849
what was the amount of people using the oregon trail for the gold rush between 1836 and 1846
5000
what were the consequences of the gold rush
by 1855 californiaa population was 300 000, tensions between plains indians , racial tensions, boost in economy , lawlessness
when did the donner party leave
may 1846 with 60 wagons and 300 people
what happened to the donner party
some of them decided to take a short cut which led to them getting stuck in the cold winter leading to deaths and cannibalism
when was the mormon migration
1846-47
who was the mormon leader
brigham young
why were the mormons successful in migrating
they split everyone into groups, everyone had a secific role, they knew how to assemble their wagons into a circle for safety
what problems did settlers face on the plains
very hot summers and very cold winters, insect pests , lack of water, prairie fires, lack of trees for timber
what did settlers do due to the lack of timber
lived in caves and sod houses made from earth
what was the problems with the land in the east
it had never been ploughed before so the settlers ploughs all broke, they had to dig up ground by hand
when was the indian removals act and what was it
1830- forced plains indians to move west of the mississippi river
when was the indian trade and intercourse act and what was it
1834-sets out the frontier between usa and indian territory
when was the indian appropriations act and what was it
1851- set up reservations for plains indians
when was the fort laramie treaty and what was it
1851- a agreement between plains indians and the government
what issues caused lawlessness
increased population, mining camps where isolated in the mountains, racism, new crimes such as claim jumping
what are vigilantes
a group of ordinary people that enforced law
what were miners courts
when miners set up their own courts to settle dispuits
when was the Oregon trail opened
1836
when was the great emigration on the oregon trail
1843
when did the donner party head west but where met with disaster and death
1846
when did the mormons travel to Great Salt lake
1846
when was the homstead act
1862
when was the pacific railway act passed and work begins on the transactional railway
1864
when did goodnight loving reach for summer with a herd of cattle
1866
when did abilene become the first cow town
1867
when was the first transactional railway completed
1869
when did cattle ranching begin on the plains
1870
when was the timber culture act
1873
when did barbed wire begin to be masses produced
1874
when was the wind powered water pump introduced
1874
when was the exoduster movement
1879
when was the OK corral
1881
when was the severe winter that lead to the end of open range
1886-87
when was the Johnsom county war
1892
when was the oklahoma land rush
1893
