WSET Level 2 France Flashcards
sparkling wine production: tank method
fermented in a sealed tank and bottled under pressure
sparkling wine production: bottle fermentation
stages: base wine- second fermentation in bottle - yeast autolysis - disgorgement - dosage
traditional method/ méthode traditionelle (sparkling wine)
each bottle is individually disgorged and dosage added
transfer method (sparkling wine)
a batch of bottles are emptied into a pressurized tank for finishing before being rebottled
Prosecco
NE Italy, made from Glera grapes
Asti
Piemonte Italy, made from Muscat grapes
Sekt
Germany, various varieties
Dutcscher Sekt
must be made from German base wines
what happens in the second fermentation
wine increases slightly in alcohol
yeast autolysis
‘self digestion’ - most important part of bottle fermentation process
disgorge
removal of yeasty deposit after ageing
dosage
what the bottle is topped up with after disgorgement
transfer method is not permitted for ____ or _____
Champagne
spumante
fully sparkling (italian)
frizzante
lightly sparkling (italian)
best versions of Prosecco
Conegliano-Valdobbiadene DOCG
where is the transfer method commonly used
New Zealand & Australia
Champagne
most famous traditional method sparkling wine
grape varieties used to make Champagne
Pinot Noir
minimum legal period of time of yeast autolysis in Champagne
15 months
most Champagnes are released _____ for quality & consistency
Non Vintage
Grand Marques
most famous Champagne houses
characteristics of Champagne
better quality:
____ champagne is only produced in exceptional years
Vintage
Crémant
sparkling wine made using the traditional method (bottle aged)
Crémant de Saumur
bottle fermented
Cava
Spain - local Spanish varieties & Chardonnay
Sparkling Wines: New World
best styles use Champagne grape varieties
Brut
a dry champagne
Sparkling Reds
specialty in Australia, usually Shiraz
What are the ways to get a sweet wine
NAME?
interrupted fermentation
the yeasts are stopped before they have finished converting all the sugar to alcohol = sweet wine
how to interrupt fermentation
filter yeasts, poison yeast with SO2 or alcohol
fortify
add alcohol ; most common to interrupt fermentation, results in sweet wine ; used in Ports
Vins Doux Naturels
Muscat de Beaumes de Venise
Moscatel de Valencia
inexpensive full bodied, sweet fortified Muscat wine from Valencia, Spain
Muscat de Beaumes de Venise
Muscat grape, Rhône France
Rutherglen Muscat
Australia, Muscat grape
2nd Method for sweet wines
add a sweet component to the blend
3rd method for sweet wines
concentrate grape sugars
Methods for grape sugar concentration
Drying
Sauternes
Botrytis ; Semillon & Sauvignon Blanc
Tokaji
Botrytis; Local grape varieties
BA (Beerenauslese) & TBA (Trockenbeerenauslese)
Botrytis: Germany (Riesling); Austria (Various)
Botrytis Semillon
Australia
Icewine/Eiswein
Germany (Riesling); Canada & Austria (various grapes)
Recioto
Italian sweet wine made by drying the grapes
Puttonyos
in Tokaji
harvesting grapes with noble rot requires ___ passes
several
what is Sherry?
a dry, m