Writing- Commas, Dashes, and Commas

Question 1

What does the semicolon do

Answer 1

It is used to join two independent clauses

Question 2

When can the comma be used

Answer 2

1. Use a comma after an introductory clause, phrase, or modifier
   Ex. Although he is lactose intolerant, he likes to eat pizza.
2. Use commas to separate three or more things in a series.
3. Use commas to set off nonrestrictive/nonessential elements(if you take it out, the sentence still functions)
4. Use commas to set off transitions and intervening phrases
   Ex. Some animals are nocturnal; for example, the coyote hunts during the night.
   Ex. Penguins, unlike most birds, can fly.

Question 3

When is the colon used

Answer 3

It is used after an independent clause to direct attention to a list, a noun phrase, quotation, or another independent clause that provides a summary or clarification.

Question 4

When is the dash used

Answer 4

It can be used to separate interrupting thoughts and phrases from the rest of the sentence, often for dramatic effect. The interrupting thought will typically be a list, restatement, or an additional detail. The sentence should still work without the dashed phrase.

Question 5

When should you use a pair of dashes

Answer 5

When the interrupting thought is in the middle of the sentence. Ex. When my teacher found the cookies I was hiding - all 154 of them - she ate them all herself.

Question 6

What are 4 common punctuation mistakes

Answer 6

1. Don’t use punctuation before prepositional phrases
2. Don’t use any punctuation after such as, like, or including.
3. Don’t use any punctuation before that
4. Don’t put semicolons, dashes, or colons where commas should be used.