Wrist Joint

Question 1

What is a sesamoid bone?

Answer 1

A bone in a tendon

Question 2

What is the function of sesamoid bones?

Answer 2

reduces friction and creates a tunnel to transmit other structures

Question 3

What are the carpal bones of the hand?

Answer 3

scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform, trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate

Question 4

Which carpal bones have a tubercle?

Answer 4

scaphoid and trapezium

Question 5

Which carpal bone has a hook?

Answer 5

hamate

Question 6

Which is the biggest carpal bone?

Answer 6

capitate

Question 7

Which carpal bone is a sesamoid bone and which tendon is it in?

Answer 7

pisiform - in the tendon of flexor carpi ulnaris

Question 8

Which carpal bones articulate with the radius?

Answer 8

scaphoid, lunate and triquetrum in ulnar deviation

Question 9

What nerve is compressed in carpal tunnel syndrome?

Answer 9

the median nerve

Question 10

Which tendon doesn’t go under the flexor retinaculum?

Answer 10

palmaris longus

Question 11

What are the tendons that border the anatomical snuff box?

Answer 11

extensor pollicus longus and extensor pollicis brevis and abductor pollicis longus together

Question 12

Which carpal bone makes up the floor of the anatomical snuff box?

Answer 12

scaphoid

Question 13

When do carpal bones begin ossification?

Answer 13

Not until 2 years after birth

Question 14

In what order do carpal bones ossify?

Answer 14

Clockwise from capitate

Question 15

At what age does pisiform ossify?

Answer 15

11 years old

Question 16

What are the attachments of the flexor retinaculum?

Answer 16

no answer given in Evernote

Question 17

What are the two joints of the wrist complex?

Answer 17

radiocarpal and intercarpal

Question 18

Is flexion or extension greater at the radiocarpal joint?

Answer 18

flexion

Question 19

Is ulnar deviation or radial deviation greater at the radiocarpal joint?

Answer 19

ulnar deviation

Question 20

Is flexion or extension greater at the intercarpal joints?

Answer 20

extension

Question 21

Is ulnar deviation or radial deviation greater at the intercarpal joint?

Answer 21

radial deviation

Question 22

What is the function of the radiocarpal ligaments?

Answer 22

to resist the sliding movement of carpal bones and stop them going medially

Question 23

Which are more extensive - palmar or dorsal radiocarpal ligaments?

Answer 23

palmar

Question 24

Which carpal bone is most commonly dislocated?

Answer 24

lunate - due to the damage of the radioscapholunate ligament

Question 25

What is a secondary function of the radiocarpal ligaments?

Answer 25

They transmit blood vessels to the bones

Question 26

Which is the only muscle which has a tendon attaching to carpal bones?

Answer 26

flexor carpi ulnaris

Question 27

What is a Colles fracture?

Answer 27

a fracture of the distal radius

Question 28

What is the clinical significance of a fracture to scaphoid?

Answer 28

fracture across the waist will damage blood supply and cause avascular necrosis at the proximal pole

Question 29

What movements can occur at the first carpometacarpal joint?

Answer 29

flexion/extension, abduction/adduction and opposition - because it is a saddle joint

Question 30

What movements can occur at the second and third carpometacarpal joints?

Answer 30

none - they are immobile

Question 31

What movements can occur at metacarpophalangeal joints?

Answer 31

flexion/extension and abduction/adduction

Question 32

What movements can occur at interphalangeal joints?

Answer 32

flexion and extension only

Question 33

What links metacarpals II to V?

Answer 33

deep transverse metacarpal ligament

Question 34

What is the volar plate and dorsal plate and what are their functions?

Answer 34

They are layers of fibrocartilage above and below the metacarpophalangeal joints to increase the surface area for movement at the joint

Question 35

What structure prevents abduction at the interphalangeal joints in flexion?

Answer 35

collateral ligaments

Question 36

What is a swan neck deformity?

Answer 36

injury on volar aspect of IP joint that forces it into hyperextension with compensatory flexion at the next joint

Question 37

What is a boutonniere deformity?

Answer 37

injury on dorsal aspect of IP joint that forces it into flexion