Vessels of the Upper Limb

Question 1

Which artery branches off the aorta to supply the arm?

Answer 1

the subclavian artery

Question 2

At what point does the subclavian artery become the axillary artery?

Answer 2

after it passes behind the scalene muscle

Question 3

What are the 3 parts of the axillary artery named in relation to?

Answer 3

pec minor - first part is above, second part is deep and third part is after

Question 4

How many branches are there of the axillary artery?

Answer 4

6 - 1 off the first part, 2 off the second part and 3 off the third part

Question 5

What does the axillary artery supply?

Answer 5

anterior chest wall (including breast), posterior chest wall, shoulder joint

Question 6

What structure encloses the axillary artery and the brachial plexus?

Answer 6

the axillary sheath

Question 7

When does the axillary artery become the brachial artery?

Answer 7

the lower border of teres major

Question 8

What is the path of the brachial artery in the arm?

Answer 8

starts of medial to the humerus and end up anterior to the humerus

Question 9

Where is the brachial artery in the elbow?

Answer 9

between the tendon of biceps and the median nerve

Question 10

What is the main branch of the brachial artery?

Answer 10

profunda brachii

Question 11

What is the path of the profunda brachii?

Answer 11

winds around the back of the humerus with the radial nerve to apply the posterior compartment of the arm

Question 12

When is the profunda brachii at risk?

Answer 12

fracture of the shaft of the humerus

Question 13

Where does the brachial artery divide into the radial and ulnar arteries?

Answer 13

at the elbow

Question 14

What is the path of the radial artery?

Answer 14

goes under brachioradialis with the radial nerve

Question 15

What is the path of the ulnar artery?

Answer 15

goes under FCU with the ulnar nerve

Question 16

What is the main branch of the ulnar artery?

Answer 16

the common interosseus - branches off at the start of the ulnar artery

Question 17

What does the common interosseus divide into?

Answer 17

the anterior and posterior interosseus

Question 18

What is the path of the anterior and posterior interosseus?

Answer 18

run down the front and back of the interosseus membrane

Question 19

How does the ulnar artery cross the wrist?

Answer 19

superficial to the flexor retinaculum with the ulnar nerve

Question 20

How does the radial artery cross the wrist?

Answer 20

goes on to the dorsal aspect and passes through the anatomical snuff box - but before it does gives off a superficial palmar branch

Question 21

Where does the superficial palmar branch of the artery go?

Answer 21

passes superficial to the flexor retinaculum

Question 22

What makes up the superficial palmar arch?

Answer 22

the ulnar artery and the superficial palmar branch of the radial artery

Question 23

What branches off the superficial palmar arch?

Answer 23

common digital arteries and then proper digital end arteries

Question 24

What makes up the deep palmar arch?

Answer 24

the radial artery and a deep branch of the ulnar artery

Question 25

What is the path of the deep veins of the arm?

Answer 25

follow the arteries as vena comitantes

Question 26

What are the two main superficial veins of the arm?

Answer 26

cephalic vein and the basilic vein

Question 27

Where do the superficial veins commence?

Answer 27

at the dorsal venous arch

Question 28

What is the path of the cephalic vein?

Answer 28

winds around the radial border of the forearm to the anterior surface, gives off the median cubital vein at the cubital fossa, runs up the lateral side of biceps and into the deltopectoral groove where it pierces the clavipectoral fascia and drains into the axillary vein

Question 29

What is the path of the basilic vein?

Answer 29

winds around the medial border of the forearm, gives off a branch to the median cubital vein at the cubital fossa, extends halfway up the medial border of the arm before piercing the deep fascia and drains into the brachial vein

Question 30

Where does all the lymphatic from the arm end up?

Answer 30

in the axillary lymph nodes

Question 31

What do the deep lymph channels accompany?

Answer 31

the arteries

Question 32

What do the superficial lymph channels accompany?

Answer 32

the superficial veins

Question 33

Where else does the axillary lymph node get lymph front?

Answer 33

the anterior and posterior chest wall including the breast