Vessels of the Upper Limb Flashcards
Which artery branches off the aorta to supply the arm?
the subclavian artery
At what point does the subclavian artery become the axillary artery?
after it passes behind the scalene muscle
What are the 3 parts of the axillary artery named in relation to?
pec minor - first part is above, second part is deep and third part is after
How many branches are there of the axillary artery?
6 - 1 off the first part, 2 off the second part and 3 off the third part
What does the axillary artery supply?
anterior chest wall (including breast), posterior chest wall, shoulder joint
What structure encloses the axillary artery and the brachial plexus?
the axillary sheath
When does the axillary artery become the brachial artery?
the lower border of teres major
What is the path of the brachial artery in the arm?
starts of medial to the humerus and end up anterior to the humerus
Where is the brachial artery in the elbow?
between the tendon of biceps and the median nerve
What is the main branch of the brachial artery?
profunda brachii
What is the path of the profunda brachii?
winds around the back of the humerus with the radial nerve to apply the posterior compartment of the arm
When is the profunda brachii at risk?
fracture of the shaft of the humerus
Where does the brachial artery divide into the radial and ulnar arteries?
at the elbow
What is the path of the radial artery?
goes under brachioradialis with the radial nerve
What is the path of the ulnar artery?
goes under FCU with the ulnar nerve
What is the main branch of the ulnar artery?
the common interosseus - branches off at the start of the ulnar artery
What does the common interosseus divide into?
the anterior and posterior interosseus
What is the path of the anterior and posterior interosseus?
run down the front and back of the interosseus membrane
How does the ulnar artery cross the wrist?
superficial to the flexor retinaculum with the ulnar nerve
How does the radial artery cross the wrist?
goes on to the dorsal aspect and passes through the anatomical snuff box - but before it does gives off a superficial palmar branch
Where does the superficial palmar branch of the artery go?
passes superficial to the flexor retinaculum
What makes up the superficial palmar arch?
the ulnar artery and the superficial palmar branch of the radial artery
What branches off the superficial palmar arch?
common digital arteries and then proper digital end arteries
What makes up the deep palmar arch?
the radial artery and a deep branch of the ulnar artery
What is the path of the deep veins of the arm?
follow the arteries as vena comitantes
What are the two main superficial veins of the arm?
cephalic vein and the basilic vein
Where do the superficial veins commence?
at the dorsal venous arch
What is the path of the cephalic vein?
winds around the radial border of the forearm to the anterior surface, gives off the median cubital vein at the cubital fossa, runs up the lateral side of biceps and into the deltopectoral groove where it pierces the clavipectoral fascia and drains into the axillary vein
What is the path of the basilic vein?
winds around the medial border of the forearm, gives off a branch to the median cubital vein at the cubital fossa, extends halfway up the medial border of the arm before piercing the deep fascia and drains into the brachial vein
Where does all the lymphatic from the arm end up?
in the axillary lymph nodes
What do the deep lymph channels accompany?
the arteries
What do the superficial lymph channels accompany?
the superficial veins
Where else does the axillary lymph node get lymph front?
the anterior and posterior chest wall including the breast
