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Upper Limb > Muscles of Forearm > Flashcards

Muscles of Forearm Flashcards

1
Q

What is the origin of superficial muscles of the anterior compartment of the forearm?

A

medial epicondyle = common flexor origin

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2
Q

What are the superficial muscles of the anterior compartment of the forearm?

A

pronator teres, flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus, flexor carpi ulnaris

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3
Q

What is the additional origin of pronator teres apart from the CFO?

A

medial aspect of coranoid process of ulna

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4
Q

What is the insertion of pronator teres?

A

midpoint of the radius

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5
Q

What is the insertion of flexor carpi radialis?

A

base of the 2nd and 3rd metacarpals

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6
Q

What is the action of flexor carpi radialis?

A

flexion at the wrist and radial deviation

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7
Q

What is the insertion of palmaris longus?

A

blends with the palmar aponeurosis - doesn’t go through the carpal tunnel

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8
Q

What is the additional origin of flexor carpi ulnaris apart from the CFO?

A

extensive aponeurotic attachment to the border of the ulna

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9
Q

What is the insertion of flexor carpi ulnaris?

A

the base of the 5th metacarpal with pisiform in the tendon

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10
Q

What muscle makes up the intermediate layer of the anterior compartment of the forearm?

A

flexor digitorum superficialis

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11
Q

What is the origin of flexor digitorum superficialis?

A

CFO, coronoid process and comprehensive attachment to the radius and ulna shafts with a fibrous arch between

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12
Q

What is the insertion of flexor digitorum superficialis?

A

splits into 4 tendons and each tendon inserts on the base of the middle phalynx with a split to allow tendons of FDP through

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13
Q

What muscles make up the deep layer of the anterior compartment of the forearm?

A

flexor digitorum profundus, flexor pollicis longus and pronator quadratus

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14
Q

What is the origin of flexor digitorum profundus?

A

the shaft of the ulna and the adjacent part of the interosseus membrane

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15
Q

What is the insertion of flexor digitorum profundus?

A

splits into 4 tendons which insert on the base of the distal phalynx by going through FDS tendons

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16
Q

What is the origin of flexor pollicis longus?

A

the shaft of the radius and the adjacent part of the inteosseus membrane

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17
Q

What is the insertion of flexor pollicis longus?

A

base of the distal phalynx of the thumb

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18
Q

What is the origin of pronator quadratus?

A

the distal portion of the ulna

19
Q

What is the insertion of pronator quadratus?

A

the distal portion of the radius

20
Q

What is the attachments of the flexor retinaculum?

A

scaphoid, trapezium, hook of hamate, pisiform

21
Q

In what order to the tendons go through the carpal tunnel?

A

4 tendons of FDP go through on the bottom, then the tendons of the 2nd and 5th fingers of FDS, then the tendons of the 3rd and 4th fingers of FDS with the tendon of FPL

22
Q

What nerve goes through the carpal tunnel?

A

median nerve

23
Q

Which tendon has its own tunnel under the flexor retinaculum?

A

flexor carpi radialis

24
Q

What are the groups of muscles that make up the extensor compartment of the forearm?

A

3 ‘radialis’ muscles, 3 posterior aspect muscle, 3 ‘thumb’ muscles splitting them and 3 other deep muscles

25
Q

What are the 3 ‘radialis’ muscles?

A

brachioradialis, extensor carpi radialis longus and extensor carpi radialis brevis

26
Q

What are the 3 posterior aspect muscles?

A

extensor digitorum, extensor digiti minimi and extensor carpi ulnaris

27
Q

What are the 3 ‘thumb’ muscles?

A

abductor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis brevis and extensor pollicis longus

28
Q

What are the 3 other deep muscles?

A

supinator, anconeus and extensor indicis

29
Q

What is the common extensor origin?

A

the lateral epicondyle of the humerus

30
Q

What muscles originate at the CEO?

A

extensor carpi radialis brevis, extensor digitorum, extensor digiti minimi and extensor carpi ulnaris

31
Q

What muscles originate from the supracondylar ridge above the CEO?

A

brachioradialis and extensor carpi radialis longus

32
Q

What is the insertion of brachioradialis?

A

styloid process of the radius

33
Q

What is the action of brachioradialis?

A

it is actually a flexor at the elbow even though its in the extensor compartment

34
Q

What is the insertion of extensor carpi radialis longus and extensor carpi radialis brevis?

A

base of the 2nd and 3rd metacarpal

35
Q

What is the action of extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis?

A

extension and radial deviation

36
Q

What is the insertion of extensor digitorum?

A

splits into 4 tendons and each tendon splits into 3 insertion on the base of the middle phalanx and base of the distal phalynx

37
Q

What is special about extensor digit minimi?

A

its belly splits off of extensor digitorum so it has its own tendon

38
Q

What is the insertion of extensor carpi ulnaris?

A

base of the 5th metacarpal

39
Q

What is the action of extensor carpi ulnaris?

A

extension and ulnar deviation

40
Q

What is the difference between extensor pollicis longus and brevis?

A

extensor pollicis longus take the long way around - it goes beneath the extensor retinaculum before inserting on to the thumb

41
Q

How can you find supinator?

A

It’s the muscle encircling the proximal shaft of the radius

42
Q

Which nerve passes through the two heads of supinator?

A

radial nerve

43
Q

How many tunnels are there created by the extensor retinaculum?

A

6

Upper Limb (9 decks)

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